Cotyledon. ]  KXX. CRASSULACEA. 159 
II. COTYLEDON. COTYLEDON. 
Herbs, or succulent shrubs, with scattered leaves (rarely opposite in 
some exotic species), and flowers in terminal racemes or panicles. 
Sepals 5, small. Petals combined into a single tubular or campanulate 
corolla, with 5 teeth or divisions, Stamens 10, inserted at the base of 
the corolla, but often adnate to the top of the tube. Carpels 5, each 
with a scale at the base. 
Taking this genus in the sense in which it was understood by Linnzus, 
it includes a considerable number of south-west African, besides several 
south European and central Asiatic species, which, with our British 
ones, are considered by some modern botanists as forming a distinct 
genus under the name of Umbilicus. 
1, ©. Umbilicus, Linn. (fig. 360). Pennywort, Navelwort.—Stock 
perennial, almost woody. MRadical and lower leaves on long stalks, 
fleshy, orbicular, broadly crenate, and more or less peltate. Flowering 
stems erect, from 6 inches to a foot high, simple or slightly branched, 
leafy at the base only, and bearing a long raceme of pendulous, 
yellowish-green flowers. Calyx very small. Corolla cylindrical, about 
3 lines long, becoming afterwards somewhat enlarged, with 5 short 
teeth, and enclosing the stamens and carpels. 
On rocks, walls, and old buildings in western Europe, extending east- 
ward round the greater part of the Mediterranean, southwards to the 
Canary Islands, and northwards to Ireland, southern and western 
England, and the south and west counties of Scotland. Fl. summer. 
III. SEDUM. STONECROP. 
Succulent herbs, sometimes woody at the base, with scattered leaves, 
occasionally opposite or whorled, especially at the base, or on barren 
stems ; and yellow, white, reddish or blue flowers, in terminal cymes or 
corymbs. Sepals 4 to 6 (usually 5). Petals as many, distinct. Stamens 
twice as many. Carpels as many as the petals, each with an entire or 
emarginate scale at the base, and containing several seeds. 
A widely diffused genus, numerous in species, especially in central 
and southern Europe and central Asia, but extending also into North 
America, and the mountains of South America. A large number of the 
smaller, thick-leaved species are found on dry rocks or stony places, 
whence the popular name of Stonecrop applied to several of them. 
Leaves flat, broad. 
Flowers dicecious, with 4 sepals and petals —_. 1. S. Rhodiola. 
Flowers hermaphrodite, in large corymbs, with 5 sepals and 
petals . ‘ . ; . 2 S. Telephium. 
Leaves as thick, or nearly as thick, as broad. 
Flowers white or reddish. 
Leaves shortly ovoid or globular. 
Whole plant quite glabrous . 3. S. anglicum. 
Calyx and pedicels with a few short, glandular hairs . 4. S. dasyphyllum. 
Leaves oblong or cylindrical. 
Glabrous perennial, with numerous short barren branches, 
and erect flowering stems. . 5. S. album. 
Viscidly downy, erect annual, without barren branches . 6. S. villosum. 
Flowers yellow. ! 
Flowering stems 1 to 3inches high. Cymes of 2 or 3 short 
branches. 
Leaves ovoid or globular 
Leaves cylindrical or oblong 
. S. acre. 
. S. sexangulare. 
Dar 
