160 _ THE CRASSULA FAMILY. [seam 
Flowering stems at least 6 inches high. Cymes two or three 
times divided. ms 
Leaves flattened, acuminate : : . : . 9. S. rupestre. 
Leaves cylindric with a subulate tip ‘ . ‘ 5 . 10. S. reflexum. ; 
The S. Sieboldi, from Japan, and some exotic species, are to be met 
with in our gardens. 
1. S. Rhodiola, DC. (fig. 361). Roseroot, Midsummer-men.—Stock 
short, thick, and almost woody ; the annual stems erect, stout, simple, 
6 inches to nearly a foot high, and leafy to the top. Leaves alternate, 
sessile, obovate or oblong, slightly toothed, from 6 lines to an inch long, 
the lower ones often reduced to brown scales. Flowers dicecious, © 
yellow or rarely purplish, forming rather dense cymes, surrounded by 
the upper leaves, which often assume a yellow or purple tinge; the 
males with 8 stamens, rather longer than the petals and sepals; the 
females with 4 carpels, ending in short spreading styles. 
In clefts of rocks in northern and Arctic Europe and Asia, and in the 
higher mountain ranges of central Europe and Asia. Abundant in the 
mountains of Scotland, northern England, and Ireland, descending also 
to maritime cliffs in western Scotland. Fl. summer. The smell of the 
rootstock, when drying, has been compared to that of roses, whence its 
name. 
2.8. Telephium, Linn. (fig.’ 362). Orpine, Livelong.—Rootstock 
perennial, the annual stems hard, erect, simple, about a foot high or 
rather more. Leaves scattered, obovate, or oblong, and coarsely 
toothed; the lower ones 2 inches long or even more, and much 
narrowed or even stalked at the base; the upper ones often rounded at 
the base. Flowers numerous, purple in the British variety, forming a 
handsome corymb at the top of the stem. Sepals 5, short and pointed. 
Petals more than twice as long. Stamens 10, rather shorter than the 
etals. 
; On the borders of fields, hedge-banks, and bushy places, in northern 
and central Europe and Russian Asia, chiefly confined to hilly districts 
in the more southern portion of its area. Occurs in most of the British ~ 
counties, but has been so long cultivated in cottage gardens, and is so 
very tenacious of life, that it is difficult to say how far it is really indi- 
genous. Fl. summer, rather late. [S. Fabaria, Koch, is a more slender 
state, with the bases of the upper leaves cuneate, and smooth carpels. ] 
3. S. anglicum, Huds. (fig. 363). Lnglish S.—A small perennial, 
seldom more than 3 inches high, and quite glabrous in all its parts; 
the stems decumbent and much branched at the base, with short, thick, 
almost globular leaves, crowded on the short barren branches, more 
loosely scattered and occasionally opposite on the flowering ones, 
Flowers white, occasionally tinged with pink, in a short, irregular 
cyme. Sepals short and green. Petals more than twice as long, 
lanceolate, and more or less pointed. 
In rocky or stony places, usually not far from tie sea, in western 
Europe, from Portugal, to southern Norway, ascending also high into 
the mountains of the south-west. Abundant especially. along the 
western coast of Scotland, in Wales, and in Ireland, and appears also 
occasionally, but more rarely, on the eastern coasts of England. Fl. — 
summer.  - 
4. S. dasyphyllum, Linn. (fig. 364). Thick-leaved S.—Very nearly 
allied to S. anglicum, but usually rather smaller, of a glaucous green, 
