166 THE SAXI¥RAGE FAMILY. 
Calyx adherent at the base, the lobes erect or spreading. 
Stem much branched at the base, with procumbent’ or 
densely tufted barren shoots. Leaves narrow, simple 
or 3-lobed. 
Leaves or their lobes usually acute. Tufts loose 4. S. hypnoides. 
-Leaves or their lobes obtuse. Tufts dense . 5. S. coespitosa. 
Stems simple or branched, without barren shoots at the 
base. 
Perennials, with the radical leaves larger, and longer 
stalked. 
Lower leaves rounded or palmate. Flowers solitary 
or panicled. 
Lowland plant. Stem erect. Lowerleavescrenate 6. S. granulata. 
High alpine plants. Stems weak. Lower leaves > 
angular or deeply lobed. 
Petals at least twice as long as the calyx 7. S. cernua. 
Petals scarcely exceeding the calyx : 8. S. rivularis. 
Radical leaves, ovate, toothed. Stem almost leafless, 
with a terminal head of smali flowers . : . 10. S. nivalis. 
Annual, with narrow leaves, entire or 3-lobed . ; . 9. S. tridactylites. 
Calyx free, with veflexed divisions. 
Flowers white. Leaves thin, angular or acutely toothed . 11. S. stellavis. 
Flowers pink. Leaves thick and leathery, crenate. 
Leaves obovate, narrowed at the base : 5 . 12. S. wmbrosa. 
Leaves orbicular, cordate or rounded at the base ; . 18. S. Geum. 
The large, somewhat coarse Siberian S. crassifolia is common among 
herbaceous plants in our gardens. The Chinese S. sarmentosa, with — 
long, hanging runners, is often grown in pots in cottage windows ; and 
several species from the great European mountain-ranges form a large 
proportion of all cultivated collections of alpine piants. 
1. S. oppositifolia, Linn. (fig. 376). Purple S.—Stems. perennial, 
creeping, very much branched, forming low, straggling tufts, of several 
inches in diameter, seldom rising above an inch from the ground. 
Leaves crowded, small, opposite, obovate, and ciliate. Flowers rather 
large, handsome, and purple, often so crowded as almost to conceal the 
foliage, although growing singly on very short, erect branches. Calyx- 
tube adhering to the ovary and capsule up to more than half its length ; 
the segments ovate, green, erect or spreading, not half so long as the 
etals. 
: In moist situations, in the higher mountain-ranges of Kurope, Asia, 
and North America, abundant in the Arctic regions. Common in the 
loftier Scotch, and found, but sparingly, on some of the higher Irish, 
Welsh, and northern English mountains. Jl. spring and early summer. 
2. S. aizoides, Linn. (fig. 377). Yellow S.—Stock short, sometimes 
tufted, the flowering stems ascending to about 6 inches high. Leaves 
alternate, narrow, rather thick, smooth and shining, about half an inch 
long, entire or rarely notched with 1 or 2 teeth. Flowers yellow, ina 
loose panicle of from 3 or 4 to a dozen or more, Calyx-segments not 
much shorter than the petals, often narrow like them, and almost as 
vellow, giving the flower the appearance of having ten petals with a 
broad circular disk in the centre. Capsule adhering, for about half its 
length, to the short tube of the calyx. 
On wet rocks or gravel, along rills and springs, in almost all moun- 
tainous districts of Europe, Asia, and northern America, to the Arctic 
Circle, descending also much lower than the last. Abundant in Scot- 
land, the north of England, and some parts of Ireland, but ee Seti’ 
wanting in Wales. Fl. summer and autumn. 
——s- . ver 
a a? a, oe 
