- Astrantia. | XXXV. UMBELLIVERA. 179 
with pink. Flowers small, mostly unisexual, the calyx-border campanu- 
late, with 5 teeth about the length of the petals. 
In woods and pastures, in central and southern Europe, not nearer 
to Britain than central France. Occurs apparently wild in Stokesay 
Wood, near Ludlow, and between Whitbourne and Malvern in Hereford- 
shire ; probably originally escaped from some old cottage-garden. J. 
summer. 
IV. ERYNGIUM. ERYNGO. 
Stiff, hard herbs, usually perennial, and with very prickly leaves and 
involucres. Flowers in a compact spike or head, with a scale or bract 
on the common receptacle under each flower. Petals erect, with a 
long inflected point. Fruit ovoid, without vittas, crowned by the 
pointed or prickly teeth of the calyx. 
A rather numerous and very natural genus, spread over the greater 
part of the temperate and warm regions of the globe. In many species 
the whole of the upper part of the plant as well as the flowers acquire 
a bluish or white tint, on which account several exotic species have 
been frequently cultivated in our gardens, 
Radical leaves rounded, the lobes plaited and toothed. Scales of 
the receptacle 38- lobed ‘ . L. BE. marituemum. 
Leaves pinnately divided, the lobes pinnatifid and toothed. Scales 
of the receptacle entire. . 2. HH. campestre. 
1. HE. maritimum, Linn. (fig _ 401). ey kp yngo, Sea Holly.—A stiff, 
erect, much branched plant, nearly a foot high, quite glabrous, and 
olaucous or bluish. Leaves very stiff, broad and sinuate, more or less 
divided into 3 broad, short lobes, elegantly veined, and bordered by 
coarse prickly teeth ; the radical ones stalked ; the others clasping the 
stem by their broad bases. Heads of flowers nearly globular, of a pale 
blue, with an involucre of 5 to 8 leaves, like those of the stem, but 
much smaller and narrower, the bracts within the head divided into 3 
spines. 
On the sea-coasts of the whole of Europe and western Asia, except the 
extreme north. Abundant on the maritime sands of England, Ireland, 
and in Scotland from Aberdeenshire and Argyleshire southward. /. 
summer, rather late. 
3. E. campestre, Linn. (fig. 402). Meld Hryngo.—Stems not so 
thick, and more branched than in /. maritimum, the leaves much more 
divided; the segments pinnate, with lanceolate lobes, waved and coarsely 
toothed, bordered and terminated by strong prickles. Heads of flowers 
more humerous and smaller ; the involucre leaves more or less pinnately 
toothed ; the scales or bracts within the heads narrow, and mostly 
entire. 
In fields, waste places and roadsides, in central and southern Europe, 
extending eastward to the Caucasus and Ural, and northward to Den- 
mark, Rare in Britain, and believed to be an introduced plant ; among 
several stations formerly given, it is now only known near Plymouth, 
on the ballast hills of the Tyne, and near Waterford, in Ireland. i. 
summer. 
oe 
