1&2 THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. 
flowers on short pedicels. Involucres of very few, linear bracts, those 
of the partial umbels smaller, and often turned to one side. Fruit 7 
scarcely above a line long, rather broader than long. : 
In hedges and thickets, chiefly in western Europe, not reaching the 
Rhine in central Europe, but spread here and there much further east- 
ward in the Mediterranean region. In Britain, frequent in southern 
England; more. rare in the north, not penetrating into Scotland, and 
not recorded from Ireland. Jl. swmmer. 
VIII. TRINIA. TRINIA. 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, without involucres, or with a 
single bract. Flowers dicecious. Petals entire, with an inflected point. 
Fruit short, somewhat laterally compressed, without visible calycine 
teeth. Carpels ovoid, with 5 prominent ribs, and single vittas under 
or within the ribs themselves, not under the interstices as in most 
Umbelliferce. 
A very small genus, chiefly south European and west Asiatic, with a 
peculiar habit, and differing from Apzwm chiefly in the dicecious flowers, 
and the position of the vittas of the fruit. 
1. T. vulgaris, DC. (fig. 408). Common Trinia.—Stock perennial, 
short and thick, almost woody, forming a tap-root at its base. Stems 
annual, erect, stiff and angular, with numerous spreading branches, 6 
inches to near a foot high, the whole plant glabrous, with a glaucous 
hue. Leaves finely cut into stiff, narrow-linear or subulate segments ; 
the radical ones twice pinnate, with ternate, entire segments, 3 to 6 
lines long, the upper ones twice or only once ternate. Umbels small 
and numerous, on slender peduncles, forming a loose panicle, each with 
4 to 6 rays. Flowers white, the males with much narrower petals than 
the females. Pimpinella dioica, Sm. 
In dry, arid, and stony wastes, chiefly in limestone districts, in 
western and southern Europe, to the Caucasus, scarcely extending into 
central Germany. Rare in Britain, and confined to South Devon and 
North Somerset. Ul. spring or early summer. 
—— 
IX. AGOPODIUM. GOUTWEED. 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, without any involucres, Petals 
broad, notched, with an inflected point. Fruit ovoid-oblong, somewhat 
laterally compressed, without visible calycine teeth. Carpels with 5 
slender ribs and no vittas. 
A single species, differing from Ca7wm in habit and in the absence of 
vittas. 
1. 48. Podagraria, Linn. (fig. 409). Goutweed, Bishopweed, Herb 
Gerard.—A coarse, erect, glabrous perennial, 14 to 2 feet high, with a 
creeping rootstock. Radical leaves on long stalks, twice ternate; the 
segments ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, sharply toothed, 2 to 3 inches long, 
_ the terminal ones rounded at the base, the lateral ones obliquely cor- 
date, or sometimes lobed. Stem-leaves few, less divided, with smaller 
segments. Umbels rather large, with 12 to 20 or even more rays, with 
numerous white flowers. Fruit about 2 lines long, the styles closely — 
deflected upon it, 
