a 
Ai gopodium. | XXXV. UMBELLIFERA. 183 
In moist woods and thickets, widely spread over Europe and Russian 
Asia, except the extreme north. Having been much cultivated for 
medicinal purposes, and spreading readily by its creeping rootstocks, 
it is not always truly indigenous, although a troublesome weed in 
gardens. In Britain it is common, but chiefly about houses and 
gardens, and therefore, probably introduced. Fl. swmmer. 
xX. CARUM. CARUM. 
(Including Petroselinum.) 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with general and partial invo- 
lucres of several small bracts, or in some species without any. Petals 
with an inflected point, entire or 2-lobed at its base, white or rarely 
yellowish; fruit ovoid or oblong, slightly compressed laterally without 
visible calycinal teeth or with very small ones. Oarpels narrower than 
in Apium, with 5 slightly prominent ribs, and single vittas under the 
furrows ; the axis or carpophore splitting to the base when ripe. 
The genus as extended by the recent revision is a large one, chiefly 
European and Asiatic; but with a few North American and South 
African species. The five British species have by some botanists been 
distributed in as many distinct genera. 
Tall, biennial. Leaves twice pinnate with ovate lobed seg- 
ments. Flowers yellowish . 1. C. Petroselinum. 
Slender annual. Leaves simply pinnate with ovate lobed seg- 
ments. Flowers white 
Stock short, covered with the remains of old leafstalks. Lower 
leaves pinnate, with many distinct segments. Flowers 
white. 
Segments of the leaves very numerous, short, fine, nearly 
equal, apparently clustered or whorled along the main 
leafstalk 
Segments gradually diminishing i in leneth from the base to 
the top of the leafstalks . , 
Rootstock a globular tuber. Lower leaves twice or thrice 
‘pinnate. Flowers white 
bo 
. C. segetum. 
ee) 
. O. verticillatum. 
. C. Carve. 
tS 
On 
C. Bulbocastanum. 
1. C. Petroselinum (fig. 410). eine yf. te ores elabrous biennial, 
or sometimes lasting 3 or 4 years, 1 to 2 feet high, with a thick root 
and stiff branches. Leaves triangular in their general outline, twice 
pinnate; the segments stalked, ovate, lobed and toothed ; the upper 
leaves less divided, with narrow, often linear, entire segments. Umbels 
all stalked, not very large, with 15 to 20 or even more rays ; the general 
involucre consisting of 2 to 4 or 5 short linear bracts, the partial ones 
of several smaller bracts. Flowers rather small, of a greenish yellow. 
P. sativum, Hoffm. 
A native, apparently, of the eastern Mediterranean region, much culti- 
vated, and often establishing itself in waste places. In Britain it 
appears quite naturalised in maritime rocks in several parts of northern 
and western England. Vl. summer. 
2. C. segetum (fig. 411). Corn C.—A glabrous, much branched, 
slender annual, 9 to 18 inches high, sometimes more. Leaves chiefly 
radical, not unlike those of Pimpinella Saxifraga, but smaller, simply 
pinnate, with 5 to 10 pairs of sessile, ovate, toothed, or lobed segments, 
3 to 6 lines lone; the upper leaves few and small, merging into linear 
bracts. Umbels very irregular, the rays few and very unequal; the 
