186 | THE OUMBELLATE FAMILY. 
The shape of the fruit is nearly that of Apium, but the ribs are much 
less prominent, and the vittas more numerous. 
Segments of the lower leaves either nearly orbicular or ‘very much 
divided . . 1. P. Saxifraga. 
Segments of most ‘of the leaves ‘ovate or lanceolate ; the teeth or 
lobes very pointed . : : ; : : . 2 P. magna. 
The Aniseed is the fruit of a species of Enis genus (P. Anisum). 
1. P. Saxifraga, Linn. (fig. 417). Burnet Saxifrage.-—Stock short 
and thick, but not tuberous. Stems erect, 1 to 2 feet high, not much 
branched, glabrous or downy at the top. Leaves very variable, the 
radical ones usually pinnate, with 7 to 9 pairs of broadly ovate or 
orbicular segments, 6 to 9 lines long, toothed or lobed ; the upper leaves 
smiall, their segments divided into a few narrow, or even linear lobes ; 
sometimes all, even the radical leaves, have their segments once or 
twice pinnate, with narrow lobes ; sometimes the few stem-leaves are, 
like the radical, simply pinnate, but much smaller, or reduced to simple 
bracts. Umbels terminal, with from 10 to 15 rather slender rays; the 
flowers white. 
In pastures, on banks, roadsides, &c., throughout Hurope and Russian 
Asia, except the extreme north. Abundant in Britain. Fl. all summer. 
2. P. magna, Linn. (fig. 418). Greater P.—Very near P. Saxifraga, 
and perhaps a mere variety. It is much larger in all its parts; the 
stems often more than 2 feet high, and stouter; the segments of the 
leaves usually undivided, ovate or lanceolate, often 1 to 14 inches long, 
with more pointed teeth, or, if divided, the lobes much longer and more 
pointed than in P. Sami Fraga, the flowers frequently pink, in large 
umbels, and the fruit also larger. 
The seneral range is nearly the same as that of P. Saxifraga, but it — 
is more frequent in mountainous districts and shady situations, or rich 
soils. In Britain, chiefly in southern and eastern England and southern 
Ireland, but extending into eastern Scotland. Fl. summer, rather late. 
A further study of intermediate forms, which are frequent in the south 
of Hurope, may induce its reunion with P. Saxifraga as a marked 
variety. 
e 
XIII. BUPLEURUM. BUPLEVER. 
Leaves quite entire. Umbels compound, or sometimes small and irre- 
cular, with partial and usually also general involucres. Petals broad, 
entire, yellow. Truit ovoid or oblong, somewhat laterally compressed, 
without visible calycine teeth. Carpels with 5 more or less prominent 
ribs, with or without vittas. 
A considerable genus, widely diffused over the temperate regions of 
the Old World, and one of the few natural ones among Umbellifere, but 
distinguished more by its entire leaves, with parallel veins and yellow 
flowers, than by the carpological characters, which in different species 
correspond to different short-fruited genera. 
Leaves broad and perfoliate. Bracts of the partial involucres 
broadly ovate . : : : : : P . lL. B. rotundifolium. 
Leaves narrow and erasslike. =. 
Annuals. Rays of the umbel few, very short or inéon- 
spicuous. 
Umbels of 3 or 4 short ae Bracts lanceolate, longer > 
than the flowers. : : ‘ ; : . 2. B. aristatum. 
