208 THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 
Leaves toothed, undivided, downy underneath. Flowers all small 
and perfect, ; , : : : : - + L. VW. Lemtana. 
Leaves 3- to 5- lobed, glabrous. Outer flowers of the cyme large, 
without stamens or pistils . : - : \ : : . 2 V. Opulus. 
The Zaurustinus of our garden is a Viburnum from southern Europe.. 
1. V. Lantana, Linn. (fig. 464). Wayfaring-tree.—A large, much- 
branched shrub, the young shoots and leaves thickly covered with a 
soft mealy down. Leaves ovate, 3 to 5 inches long, cordate at the 
base, bordered by small pointed teeth, very soft and velvety on the 
upper side, with a more mealy whitish down underneath, without any - 
glands to the leafstalks. Flowers small and white, in dense cymes of 
2 to 3 inches diameter. Berries somewhat oblong, of a purplish black. 
In woods and hedges, all over temperate and southern Europe to the 
Caucasus, penetrating far into Scandinavia. Not unfrequent in England, 
from York southwards, but very doubtfully indigenous north of it, or in 
Scotland, and not recorded from Ireland. Fl. early summer. 
2. WV. Opulus, Linn. (fig. 465). Guelder Rose.—Not generally a tall 
shrub when wild, but it will grow into a small tree, and is always 
glabrous in all its parts. Leaves 2 or 3 inches broad, divided to near 
the middle into 3 or sometimes 5 broad angular pointed lobes, which 
are usually coarsely toothed or again lobed ; the slender leafstalks have 
2 or more sessile glands at the top, and 2 or more linear fringe-like 
appendages at the base. Flower-cymes like those of V. Lantana, except 
that the outer flowers become much enlarged, attaining often near an 
inch in diameter, but, having neither stamens nor styles, they are 
perfectly barren. Berries globular, of a blackish red. 
In hedges and coppices, in Europeand Russian Asia, extending into 
_the Arctic regions. In Britain, much less frequent in Scotland than 
in England and Ireland. Fl. summer. ‘The Cuelder-Rose of our gardens 
is a variety, or, more properly speaking, a monstrosity, in which all 
the flowers are enlarged and barren, giving the cyme a globular shape. 
IV. LONICERA. HONEYSUCKLE. 
Shrubs, or tall climbers, with opposite entire leaves, and white, 
yellowish, pink, or red flowers, two or more together, in terminal or 
axillary heads. Calyx with a border of 5 small teeth. Corolla witha 
more or less elongated tube, and an oblique limb either 5-lobed, or in 
two lips, the upper one 4-lobed, the lower entire. Stamens 5. Style 
filiform, with a capitate stigma. Ovary 2- or 3-celled, with several 
ovules in each cell. Berry small, with one or very few seeds. 
A considerable genus, spread over the temperate regions of Europe, 
Asia, and North America. It is really a natural one, and very readily 
distinguished from the adjoining genera by the flowers, although the 
two principal groups into which it is separable, the climbing true 
Honeysuckles and the erect shrubby fly Honeysuckles, are rather dissimilar 
in aspect. 
Climbers. Flowers long, in terminal heads. 
All the leaves distinct at the base . . L. L. Perviclymenum. — 
Leaves of the one or two uppermost pairs joined together at i > 
the base. . 2 L. Caprifolium. — 
Erect shrub. Flowers short, two together on short t axillary 2 ‘ey 
peduncles . . ; . . . 3 ZL, Xylosteum. 
