219 >. THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 
covered with a very minute glandular down, or sometimes quite 
glabrous. 
_ In woods, or rarely in more open rocky situations, in northern Europe, 
Asia, and North America, reappearing in the mountains of central 
Hurope, even on the southern side of the Alps. In Britain confined to 
the fir-woods of some of the midland and eastern counties of Scotland, 
and to a few localities in Yorkshire and Northumberland. 1. summer. 
XL. STELLATA. THE STELLATE TRIBE. 
(A tribe of Rubiacec.) 
Herbs, with angular stems, and entire leaves in whorls of 
4, 6, or 8 (that is, apparently so, for 2 opposite ones only 
of each whorl are real leaves with buds in their axils, the 
others, although precisely similar, are in fact stipules), rarely 
2 only, the buds and branches always opposite. Flowers small, — 
in terminal or rarely axillary panicles or heads. Calyx com- 
bined with the ovary, either entirely so or rarely with a border 
of 4 or 5 teeth. Corolla monopetalous, with 4 or 5 spreading © 
lobes. Stamens as many, inserted in the tube. Ovary inferior. 
Style 2-cleft at the top, with a capitate stigma to each branch. 
Fruit indehiscent, small, dry, or rarely succulent, usually sepa- 
rating into 2 seed-like carpels with 1 seed in each. Albumen 
horny, with a small embryo. 
The Stellate are widely diffused over the globe, especially in temperate 
regions; in the tropics they are more rare, except in mountainous 
regions. ‘They form a considerable and very natural tribe in the great 
Natural Order of Rubiacee, otherwise unrepresented in Britain or even 
in Europe. It is one of the most extensive ones within the tropics, 
distinguished by opposite leaves, interpetiolar stipules, an adherent 
calyx, and a monopetalous corolla, and includes trees and shrubs as 
wellas herbs. Many are cultivated in our stoves, greenhouses, or flower- | 
beds, including the genera Coffea, Gardenia, Luculia, Pentas, Manettia, 
Bouvar dia, &c. 
Corolla with a distinct tube, as long as or ine than the lobes. 
Fruit crowned by the 4 ‘teeth of the calyx. Flowers in heads, 
surrounded by an involucre 4, SHERARDIA. 
Calyx not distinct. Flowers in panicles , . : : ; . 38 ASPERULA. 4 
Corolla rotate, the tube very short or indistinct. 
Fruit fleshy. Corolla usually 5-lobed ; 5 ; ; + 4 a ome 
Fruit dry. Corolla usnally 4-lobed . i : ) . 2. GALIUM, 
1. RUBIA. MADDER. 
A genus only distinguished from Galiwm by the rather large succulent — 
fruit. The European species have also larger leaves, of a firmer, more 
shining texture, and the flowers have often 5 instead of 4 parts, but 
these differences scarcely hold good in the South American species. 
The species are not numerous, and might rather be considered as 
forming one or two sections of Galiwm, the South American species (or 
