Lupatoriun.| XLII. COMPOSITA. 225 
47 Achenes tapering into a slender beak, bearing the pappus : : ; . 48 
Pappus sessile or not supported on a distinct, slender beak ; . 49 
48 Peduncles radical, simple, with a single flower-head . ’ . 36. Tak AXACUM, 
Flowering stems br anched, bearing several heads. , Crevis. 
Achenes strongly striate, and slightly narrowed at the top. sg akc of nume- 
49 rous white hairs, Lower leaves frequently pinnatifid . - . 37. CREPIS. 
Achenes but slightly striate, not narrowed at the et pe ge of rather stiff 
bristles, of a dirty white . ; ; , 50 
Leaves toothed or entire. Flowers yellow ; : ; ; ‘ | HIERAcIUM. 
Leaves pinnatifid. Flowers blue . 3 evs LACTUCA. 
51 { Flowers blue. Pappus a small cup for med of short scales . 389. CICHORIUM. 
Flowers small and yellow. No pappus ‘ . : : ae 
Stem 1 to 2 feet, leafy, with several ones -heads ; ‘41. LAPSANA. 
52. Stem leafiess, not 6 inches high, hollow under the flower-heads. Leaves radical. 
(: 40, ARNOSERIS. 
Since the earlier editions of this work, the Composite have under- 
gone a generic revision, and although the above three principal divisions 
or suborders established by Jussieu, the Corymbifere, the Cynaroidce, 
and the Zngulate, may still be convenient for the British or even the 
European Flora, it has been found necessary for*general purposes to dis- 
tribute the known genera (near eight hundred) into thirteen tribes. 
Of these the following eight are represented in Britain. 
1, EUPATORIACEZ. Florets all similar, tubular, not yellow. Style branches club- 
shaped or obtuse. Genus :—l. EUPATORIUM. 
2. ASTEROIDE&. Central florets tubular, usually yellow, outer ones radiating or 
filiform, rarely wanting. Anthers not tailed_at the base. Style-branches usually 
flattened and pointed. Genera :—2. ASTER; 3. ERIGERON; 4. SoLipaco; 5, BELLIs. 
3. INULOIDEA. Florets of ASTEROIDE®, but the anthers with fine points or tails 
at the base. Style-branches obtuse. Pappus of very slender hairs. Genera:—6. 
FiaGo ; 7. GNAPHALIUM; 8. ANTENNARIA ; 9. INULA. 
4, HELIANTHOIDES, Central florets tubular, usually yellow, outer ones radiating 
or wanting. Receptacle with scales. Style-branches truncate cr with a pointed 
appendage. Pappus of rigid bristles, or scales, or none. Genera:—10. XANTHIUM ; 
11. BIDENs. 
5. ANTHEMIDE®. Central florets tubular, usually yellow, outer ones radia ating, 
filiform, or none. Style-branches truncate. Pappus none, or of a small ring. 
Genera +12, CHRYSANTHEMUM; 13. MATRICARIA; 14. ANTHEMIS ; 15. ACHILLEA ; 
16. Diotis; 17. TANACETUM; 18, ARTEMISIA. 
6. SENECIONIDE. Central florets tubular, usually yellow, outer ones radiating, 
ornone. Style-branches truncate. Pappus of fine hairs. Genera :-—19. TussiLaco ; 
20. SENECIO; 21. DoRoniIcUM. 
7. CYNAROIDE, Florets all tubular, rarely yellow. Style entire, or with short 
branches, usually swollen below the end, Leaves and involucres usually prickly. 
Genera :-—-22. ARCTIUM; 23. SERRATULA; 24. SAUSSUREA; 25. CARDUUS; 26. ONO- 
PORDON ; 27. CARLINA; "28, CENTAUREA. 
10. CICHORIACE or LIGULAT&. Florets all ligulate. Genera :—29. TRAGOPOGON ; 
36. HELMINTHIA; 31. Picris; 32. LEONTODON ; 38, Hypoca@ris; 34. Lactuca; 35. 
Soncnus ; 36, TARAXAOUM ; 37. CREPIS; 38. Hirracrum : 39. CICHORIUM; 43. ARNO- 
SERIS; 41. LAPSANA. 
Among the numerous exotic genera familiar to us by long or general 
cultivation may be mentioned the Marigold (Calendula), the Sunflower 
and Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus), the French and African Marigolds 
(Peruvian species of Tagetes), several Everlastings (Helichrysum, and other 
Cape and Australian genera), several species of Coreopsis, Rudbeckia, 
Zinnia, Dahlia, Ageratum, &c., all belonging to Corymbifere ; the Arti- 
choke and. Cardoon (Cynara), and the Globe- Thistle (Echinops), belonging 
to Cynaroidee, and Scorzonera, and Catananche among Ligulate. 
J. EUPATORIUM. EUPATORY. 
Herbs (or in exotic species, shrubs), with leaves mostly opposite, and 
P 
