264 ss 'PHE COMPOSITE FAMILY. (Terazacusm, 
have given rise to a number of supposed species, the most reiearcaee 
British ones are the common 7. Dens- leonis, with pinnatifid leaves and 
the outer involucral bracts much recurved, and 7. palustre with narrow 
leaves nearly entire or sinuate, and the outer involueral bracts scarcely © 
spreading at the tips. 
[There are four principal forms in the British Isles: 1. The common 
one, with bright green runcinate leaves, recurved outer bracts, and pale 
achenes eo affects cultivated ground, and is perhaps dependent on it. 
2. T. erythrospermum, Andrz., with dull green often glaucous runcinate 
leaves, spreading outer bracts, the inner thickened near the tip, and 
brown achenes. 3. 7. levigatum, DC., with dull green pinnatifid leaves, 
_ broader erect outer bracts, and pale achenes. ‘These two affect dry 
uncultivated ground. 4. 7’. palustre, DC., with very narrow sinuate or 
pinnatifid green leaves, ovate, erect or spreading outer bracts, and pale 
achenes. This inhabits moist moorlands and mountains, and varies 
greatly in the size of all its parts.] 
AXXVII. CREPIS. CREPIS. 
Annuals or biennials, rarely forming a stock of longer duration, 
usually glabrous or slightly hairy, with branched, more or less leafy 
stems, and rather small heads of flowers in loose panicles, yellow in the 
British species. Involucre of several nearly equal linear inner bracts, 
with smaller outer ones. Receptacle without scales. _Achenes not 
compressed, angular or striated, more or less narrowed at the top or 
beaked, with a pappus of copious simple hairs, usually very white. 
One of the largest genera of Ligulate in Europe and Asia, with a very 
few American species, all nearly allied to //terartwm, but mostly distin- 
euished by habit, as well as by the achenes contracted at the top and 
the white pappus. There are some species, however. so nearly inter- 
mediate between the two genera that they are referred to the one or to 
the other according to the particular views of individual botanists. 
Achenes narrowed into a distinct, slender beak (Barkhausia). 
All the achenes with a long, slender beak. Outer involucral 
bracts lanceolate, whitish at the edges . . 1. C. taraxacifolia. 
Achenes of the outer florets scarcely be: aked, the others with a 
long beak, Other involucral bracts small, and very narrow 2. C. fetida. 
Achenes contracted at the top, but without a distinct beak. 
Lower leaves pinnatifid, or very narrow. Flower-heads nume- 
‘ rous. Pappus very white, and silky. 
Outer bracts of the involucre narrow-linear 3. C. virens. 
Outer bracts of the involucre oblong-linear, with ‘a whitish 
edge . 4, C. biennis, 
Leaves mostly oblong, coarsely toothed or entire. Flower-heads 
few. Pappus not very white, and rather stiff. 
Leaves mostly entire. Achenes with about 20 ribs or strize . 5. C. hieracioides. 
Leaves mostly toothed. Achenes wiih 10 ribs or striz ; . 6. C. paludosa. 
The pink Hawkweed, formerly much cultivated in flower-gardens, is a 
species of Crepis from south-eastern Europe. C. setosa, Haller, which 
has the long-beaked achenes of C. taraxacifolia, but is covered with stiff, 
spreading hairs, is a south-east European plant, which has occasionally | 
appeared in Britain as a weed of cultivation. 
1. C. taraxacifolia, Thuil. (fig. 596). Beaked C.—Much resembles 
some forms of C. biennis, but is easily known by the pappus. Leaves 
