1 o: « 
Jasione. | XLIV. CAMPANULACE. 273 
1. J. montana, Linn. (fig. 614). Sheep’s-bit.—Root annual or 
biennial, bearing in the latter case tufts of radical leaves which live 
through the winter. Stems sometimes short and decumbent or ascend- 
ing, sometimes nearly erect, a foot high, with a few spreading branches. 
Leaves linear or lanceolate, waved on 1 the edges, and more or less hairy. 
Flower-heads, in the British variety, about half an inch diameter, on 
long terminal peduncles; the involucral bracts broadly ovate, the 
flowers or florets small, of a rather pale blue, on short pedicels. 
In heathy pastures, on banks, &c., throughout Hurope, except the 
extreme north, and eastward to the Caucasus. Extends almost all over 
England and Ireland, but not north of mid Scotland. Fl. summer. On 
the hie the size of the flowers and habit of the plant are very 
variable. 
III. PHYTEUMA. RAMPION. 
Flowers (in the British species) in compact terminal heads or spikes. 
Corolla when in bud cylindrical and curved, opening more or less into 5 
long-linear segments. Anthers free and distinct. Styles cleft at the 
top into 2 or 3 stigmatic lobes. Capsules crowned by the spreading 
teeth of the calyx, and bursting at the sides, 
A small genus, spread over Europe and western Asia, but chiefly in 
the great central mountain-chains, ascending to great elevations. It 
is readily known by the long, curved flower-buds, 
Flower heads globular . ‘ : . L. P. orbiculare. 
Flower-heads oblong, rosnaad at length eylindr ical : : . 2. P spicatum. 
1. P. orbiculare, Linn. (fig. 615.). Round-headed R.—Rootstock 
thick or shortly creeping, with simple, erect or slightly decumbent 
stems, 6 to 18 inches high. The early radical leaves are ovate and 
cordate, on long stalks, the subsequent ones and lower stem-leaves 
stalked, but narrow-oblong or lanceolate ; the upper ones few, narrow, 
and sessile. Flowers of a deep blue, in a globular terminal head of 
nearly an inch in diameter, surrounded by a few short, broadly lanceo- 
late bracts. 
In pastures, throughout central and southern Europe, but not extend- 
ing into Scandinavia. In Britain, only on the chalk downs of southern 
England, from Kent to Wilts. Fl. summer. 
2. P. spicatum, Linn. (fig. 616). Spiked R.—A taller and stouter 
plant than the last, with longer and broader leaves, the lower ones 2 
to 4 inches long and an inch or more in breadth, on stalks of 38 or 4 
inches ; the upper ones few, smaller and narrower, The flowers form 
at first an ovoid head, which soon becomes a dense spike 2 inches or 
more in length. The corollas of a very pale dull blue or yellowish- 
white. 
In hilly pastures and woods, widely spread over central, and 
especially south-central Europe, extending northwards into Norway. In 
Britain, only about Waldron, in eastern Sussex (native ?). Fl. summer. 
