-Echium.] - III BORAGINES. 309 
Stems very erect. Corolla-tube narrow to the top of the calyx. 
Longest stamens longer than the corolla ; . Ll. #. vulgare. 
Stems ascending. Corolla tube broadly campanulate. Longest 
stamens not longer than the lower lobes of the corolla . 2, E.plantagineuin. 
1. E. vulgare, Linn. (fig. 692). Véper’s Bugloss.—Stem erect, 1 to 
2 feet high, covered with stiff, spreading, almost prickly hairs. Radical 
leaves stalked and spreading, but often withered away at the time 
of flowering; the stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, several inches long. 
Flowers showy, at first of a reddish purple, turning afterwards bright 
blue, in numerous 1-sided spikes, forming a long terminal panicle. 
Corolla about 7 lines long, the narrow part of the tube about as long 
as the calyx, the limb very oblique, the longest stamens longer than its 
lower lobes. 
On roadsides and waste places, throughout Europe and western Asia, 
except the extreme north. Dispersed over a great part of Britain, 
abundant in some parts of southern England, but becomes rare in the 
north; in Ireland chiefly near the east coast. J. all summer. 
2. E. plantagineum, Linn. (fig. 693). Purple E.—Radical leaves 
broader and more permanent than in #. vulgare ; the stems branched from 
the base, and more spreading; the flowering spikes fewer and much 
longer; the flowers highly coloured, much larger, often an inch long; 
the narrow part of the tube very short, spreading into a broad campanu- 
late throat, with a very oblique limb ; the lower lobes rather longer than 
the longest stamens. J£. violacewm, Hook. and Arn., not of Linnzeus. 
In waste places, chiefly near the sea, in southern Europe, extending 
up the western coasts to Jersey, and has also been found near Penzance 
in Cornwall. Fl. swmmer. 
Il. PULMONARIA. LUNGWORT. 
Perennial herbs, with a creeping rootstock and rather large blue or 
purple flowers. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-toothed or cleft to the 
middle only. Corolla with a straight tube open at the mouth, without 
scales, and a spreading 5-lobed limb. Stamens included in the tube. 
Nuts smooth. 
A Huropean genus, limited to a very few species. 
1. P. officinalis, Linn. (fig. 694). Common Z.—Radical leaves in 
distinct tufts, ovate-oblong or nearly linear, on long footstalks, and 
coarsely hairy, usually much spotted. Flowering stems from 6 inches 
to a foot high, with shorter, alternate, mostly sessile leaves, the lowest 
sometimes reduced to scales. Flowers in a terminal, forked cyme. 
Calyx very hairy, little more than 4 lines long at the opening of the 
flower, but twice that length when in fruit, the teeth or lobes not 
reaching to the middle. Limb of the corolla broadly spreading, with 
short lobes. 
In woods, in central and southern EKurope to the Caucasus, extending 
northwards into Scandinavia. Rare in Britain, the only really wild 
stations are in Hampshire and Dorset. 1. spring. The British speci- 
mens belong to a variety P. angustifolia, Linn., with narrow leaves, 
rarely spotted, but in many parts of the Continent the two forms pass 
very gradually one into the other. The broad-leaved variety has been 
long cultivated in cottage-gardens, and has here and there strayed into 
adjoining woods. 
