Bartsia.| — LVI. SCROPHULARINE#., 339 
corolla longer than the lower one. Anthers scarcely hairy. Capsule 
oblong, with a few pendulous, furrowed seeds, as in Luphrasia, but 
with the general habit and corolla of a Bartsia. LEuphrasia Odontites, 
Linn. 
In fields and waste places, all over Europe and Russian Asia, except 
the extreme north. Generally distributed over Britain. Fl. summer. 
[There are three principal forms of this species in Britain: verna, with 
ascending branches, leaves rounded at the base, bracts longer than the 
flowers, and calyx-teeth equalling the tube; serotina, with flexuous 
upcurved branches, leaves narrow at the base, bracts shorter than the 
flowers, and calyx-teeth equalling the tube; and divergens, with many 
widely spreading branches. ] 
XI. EUPHRASIA. EYEBRIGHT. 
Erect annuals, or, in some exotic species, perennials, closely allied to 
Bartsia, and differing chiefly in the corolla, which has the upper lip 
much less concave, with 2 lobes spreading laterally or turned back, and 
_ the lobes of the lower lip are more spreading, and usually notched. Seeds 
few, pendulous, and furrowed. | 
There is probably but one species of the genus in the northern hemi- 
sphere, but several others are natives of Australia and South America. 
1. E. officinalis, Linn. (fig. 769). Common £.—A little, much branched 
annual, varying wonderfully in size, station, shape of the leaves, size 
and colour of the flowers, &c., and believed to be half parasitic on the 
roots of grasses. It is most frequently from 2 to 6 inches high, gla- 
brous or slightly downy. Leaves small, sessile, opposite, ovate, deeply 
toothed, the teeth of the lower ones obtuse, of the upper ones finely 
pointed. Flowers in loose, terminal, leafy spikes; the calyx with 4 or 
5 pointed teeth; the corolla white or reddish, streaked with purple, 
and a yellow spot in the throat, the tube usually shorter than the 
spreading lobes. Capsule oblong. Sometimes, especially in high alpine 
regions, the whole plant is but 1 inch high, with minute, almost yellow 
flowers ; when luxuriant attains 8 inches, with flowers nearly half an 
inch long. The leaves in some varieties are all broad, obtuse, almost 
orbicular, and the upper ones closely imbricated ; in others they are all 
narrow, very pointed, and distant. 
In pastures, throughout Europe and Russian and central Asia, from 
the Mediterranean to the Arctic regions and the highest alpine summits. 
Abundant in Britain. Fl. summer and autumn. The numerous varieties 
are referable to two principal races—the Z£. officinalis, with a more 
elandular down, especially on the calyx, the teeth of the leaves obtuse, 
or the upper ones shortly pointed, the capsule broadly oblong, and the 
seeds ovoid; and #. nemorosa, Pers., which is never glandular, the teeth 
of the upper leaves at least ending in a fine point, the capsule very 
narrow, and the seeds spindle-shaped ; but many forms occur in which 
these characters are variously combined, or pass into each other. 
[Another division of the British forms is into FL. offictitalis proper, with 
broad-based bracts and along lower lip of the corolla; £. gracilis, Fries, 
more slender, with narrow-based bracts, and lower corolla lip shorter 
than the tube ; and var. maritima, with the capsule far exceeding the 
calyx. The latter from Shetland only. ] 
