Salvia.] LVII. LABIATE. 345 
1. S. pratensis, Linn. (fig. 777). Meadow S.—Stock perennial, 
with a spreading tuft of shortly stalked radical leaves, ovate, heart- 
shaped, or oblong, 2 to 6 inches long, coarsely toothed, and very 
much wrinkled. Stems 1 to 14 feet high, slightly downy, with only 
a few narrow leaves near its base. Flowers in a long and handsome, 
terminal, simple or scarcely branched spike, composed of whorls of 
about 6 flowers, at regular distances. Upper lip of the calyx minutely 
d-toothed, Corolla near thrice as long, of a rich blue, with a long, 
arched upper lip. 
In dry pastures, roadsides, and waste places, in central and southern 
Europe to the Caucasus, extending northwards into Sweden and to the 
French side of the English Channel. Very rare in England, and con- 
fined to Oxford, Cornwall, and Kent. Fl. summer. 
2. S. Verbenaca, Linn. (fig. 778). Wild S.—A coarse, more or 
less hairy, erect perennial, 1 to 14 or rarely 2 feet high, and slightly 
branched. Lower leaves stalked, ovate, coarsely toothed or lobed, and 
much wrinkled; the upper ones sessile, broader and shorter; bract- 
like floral leaves small, heart-shaped and entire. Flowers small, blue, 
in whorls of about 6, forming terminal hairy spikes ; the corolla seldom 
twice the length of the calyx. , 
In waste places, on roadsides, &c., in northern and central Europe 
and Russian Asia. Scattered over England, Ireland, and southern 
Scotland as far as Edinburgh. Fl. summer. In southern Europe it 
is replaced by the small-flowered S. clandestina, a marked variety or 
perhaps species, on a smaller scale, with narrower, more cut leaves, 
and smaller flowers, which occurs in the Channel Islands. 
II. LYCOPUS. LYCOPUS. 
Herbs, with the habit and flowers of Mentha, but with only 2 stamens, 
and the nuts surrounded by a thickened, somewhat corky border. 
Besides the British species there are but very few, dispersed over 
Kurope, Asia, and North America, together with one in Australia. 
Perhaps indeed all but one may be mere varieties of the common 
one. 
1. L. europzeus, Linn. (fig. 779). Gipsywort.—A tall, erect, and 
branching perennial, slightly hairy, with a shortly creeping rootstock. 
Leaves shortly stalked, lanceolate, or almost ovate, deeply toothed 
or pinnatifid. Flowers small and very numerous, in dense axillary 
whorls or clusters, seldom exceeding the leafstalk. Calyx-teeth 5, stiff 
and pointed. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx-teeth, and nearly 
equally 4-lobed. Stamens rather long. 
In wet ditches, and marshes, throughout Europe, northern Asia, 
and North America, Abundant in England and Ireland, extending 
into Scotland, but becoming rare as it advances northward. Fi. 
summer, 
III. MENTHA. MINT. 
Perennial herbs, usually downy or hairy, with rather small flowers 
in dense whorls or clusters, which are either collected in terminal 
