484 THE SEDGE FAMILY. [Scirpus, 
with narrow, leafy tips, 1 to 2 lines long. Spikelets solitary and 
- terminal, ovoid, brown, scarcely above 2 lines long; the outer bract 
like the glumes but larger, with an almost leafy tip, about the length 
of the spikelet. Flowers usually 6 to 8 in the spikelet. Hypogynous 
bristles about 6. Style 3-cleft, the persistent base very minute. leo- 
charis ceespitosa, Link. 
In moorlands and bogs, common in northern and Arctic Europe, Asia, 
and America, but restricted to mountain ranges in central and southern 
Europe, and not recorded from the Caucasus. Frequent in Britain, 
excepting some of the southern counties of England. fl. swmmer. 
7. S. fluitans, Linn. (fig. 1098). Floating S.— Easily known by its 
long, slender, branching stems, either floating on the water, or forming 
soft, densely matted masses on its margin, with linear-subulate leaves, 
4, to 2 inches long. Spikelets solitary and terminal, oblong greenish, 
not 2 lines long, the outer bract without any leafy point. Flowers 
without hypogynous bristles. Styles 2-cleft. Isolepis fluitans, Br. 
In pools and still waters, generally distributed over Europe, and 
reappearing in the southern hemisphere, but not recorded from Asia or 
America. Scattered over the whole of Britain, but not very common, 
Fl. summer. 
8. S. setaceus, Linn. (fig. 1099). Bristle S.—Stems slender, 2 or 3 
inches high, forming little dense tufts, with 1 or 2 short, subulate 
leaves, on each stem, sheathing it at the base. Spikelets solitary, or 
2 or 3 together in a little cluster, appearing lateral, the subulate point 
of the outer bract forming a continuation of the stem. Hach spikelet 
is ovoid, seldom 2 lines long ; the glumes broad and short, dark brown, 
with a green mid-rib. No hypogynous bristles. Style 3-cleft. Nut 
very small, marked with about 8 longitudinal ribs and furrows, only 
visible under a magnifying-glass. Jsolepis setacea, Br. 
In gravelly and sandy places, on the margins of pools, &c., in Hurope 
and Russian Asia, from the Mediterranean nearly to the Arctic circle. 
Generally distributed over Britain. Fl. summer. 
9, S. Savii, Seb. and Maur. (fig. 1100). Savw’s S.—Very like 8S. 
setaceus, but usually still more slender, although sometimes attaining 6 
or 8 inches; the point of the outer bract scarcely exceeds the spikelet, 
and. the nut has not the longitudinal ribs and furrows of S. setaceus, S. 
riparius, Spreng; Isolepis Saviana, Sch. 
In marshes and edges of pools, chiefly near the sea, frequent in the 
southern hemisphere, and in the Mediterranean region and west of 
France. In Britain, in several counties from Wales and Suffolk south- 
wards, also in Lancashire, the west of Scotland, and Ireland. 1. 
summer. 
10. S. Holoschcenus, Linn. (fig. 1101). Clustered S.—A stiff, rush- 
like plant, with a stout, creeping rootstock, and cylindrical stems, 1 
to 2 feet high or even more, with 1 or 2 stiff leaves sheathing the base. 
Spikelets very numerous and small, closely packed into one or more 
olobular heads, forming a lateral cluster or umbel, the largest stiff outer 
bract forming an apparent continuation of the stem. The largest heads 
are seldom above 4 or 5 lines diameter, and contain upwards of 30 
spikelets, of a light-brown colour, each containing many flowers. No 
hypogynous bristles. Style 2-cleft or rarely 3-cleft. . 
In sandy places, chiefly near the sea, in the Mediterranean region 
