Carex. | LXXXVIII, CYPERACE&, 493 
the name of C. alpicola, Wahlb. (C. vitilis, Fries., or C. Persoonii, 
*pieb;). | 
10. C. remota, Linn. (fig. 1120). Remote C.—Distinguished from all 
other British species, with mixed spikelets male at the base, by the 
small pale spikelets at considerable distances from each other, the 
outer bracts of the 3 or 4 lower ones always very long and leaf-like. 
Stems slender, a foot high or more. Spikelets smaller than in 7. 
canescens. Fruits tapering into a point, but not so long as in C. elongata. 
The terminal spikelet has male flowers in the lower half, the others 
only a few at the base, and the lowest is often entirely female. 
In woods, and moist, shady places, generally dispersed over Europe 
and central and Russian Asia, except the extreme north, and North 
America, Frequent in England and Ireland, less so in Scotland. Fl. 
early summer. 
11. ©. axillaris, Gooden. (fig. 1121). Axillary C.—A rather tall 
species, with leafy stems often 2 feet high, allied on the one hand to 
C. remota, but the spikelets are not so distant, and the lowest is either 
branched, or there are 2 or 3 together, either sessile or very shortly 
stalked, and only one or two of the lower bracts are leaf-like. On the 
other hand, the clustered lower spikelets show an approach to C. 
paniculata, and, as in that species, there are a few male flowers at the 
top of the terminal spikelets ; but the inflorescence is much more slender, 
the spikelets much more distant, and there are usually a few male 
flowers at the base of most of them. From the remote-flowered forms 
of C. muricata it differs in the longer spikelets, the much more leafy 
lower bract, and the fruit flatter, with very acute edges. 
Generally distributed over Europe and Russian Asia, except the 
extreme north, but not very common. Very local in England and 
Ireland, and not known in Scotland. fl. early summer. [C. axillaris 
is supposed to be a hybrid between C. remota and C. muricata; and 
C. Benninghauseniana, Weihe, is another between remota and pani- 
culata. | ; 
12. C. paniculata, Linn. (fig. 1122), Panicled C.—A stout species, 
forming large tufts; the stems attaining from 1 to 3 or even 4 feet in 
height, and more or less triangular, but never so much so as in @. 
vulpina ; the leaves in luxuriant specimens longer than the stem, and 
3 or 4 lines broad, in poorer specimens much shorter and narrower. 
Spikelets numerous, brown, crowded into a compound spike or panicle, 
sometimes 4 or 5 inches long, with the lower branches spreading and 
an inch long, sometimes contracted into a spike like that of C. vulpina, 
but more slender. The individual spikelets are sessile, mostly with a 
few male flowers at the top, the outer bracts scarious at the edges, 
the lowest sometimes with short fine points. Styles 2-cleft. Fruits 
ovate, beaked, marked on the inner face with several longitudinal ribs 
or veins. 
In marshes and bogs, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, except 
the extreme north, and in North America. Generally distributed over 
Britain. Fl. early summer. It varies much in the degree of develop- 
ment of the inflorescence, as well as in the nerves or ribs of the fruit. 
A small variety, C. teretiuscula, Good., has the panicle almost contracted 
into a spike of about an inch, but much more slender than in C. 
wulpina, and the fruit, although the longitudinal ribs are scarcely 
