510 THE GRASS FAMILY. [ Panicum. 
flat, and 5-nerved. Flowering glume, about the same length, very 
smooth and awnless. Digitaria sanguinalis, Scop. 
One of the commonest weeds in all tropical and warm countries, be- 
coming less frequent in central Europe. In Britain, only as an intro- 
duced weed of cultivation in the south of England. Fl. the whole season. 
2. P. glabrum, Gaud. (fig. 1161). Glabrous P.—Very much like P. 
sanguinale, but a much smaller plant ; the panicle has only 2 or 3 spike- 
like branches, each scarcely above an inch long, and the spikelets are 
fewer. The first glume is, as in the last species, very minute, but the two 
next empty ones are both about the same length as the flowering 
elume. Digitaria humifusa, Pers. 
A weed of warm climates, like the last, but rather less tropical, more 
generally spread over central Europe, extending northward to southern 
Scandinavia, and better established in the south of England. 1. 
summer and autumn. 
3. P. verticillatum, Linn. (fig. 1162). Rough P.—A glabrous erect 
annual, 1 to 2 feet high, with flat leaves, rough on the edges. Spikelets 
small, crowded into a cylindrical but rather loose, compound spike (or 
rather, spike-like panicle), 1 to 2 lines long, interspersed with numerous 
bristles, 2 or 3 lines long, inserted under the spikelets, but projecting be- 
shag he them. These are rough with minute hairs, reversed so as to cling 
to the hand when the spike is drawn downwards through the fingers. 
First glume very small, the two next about the naa of the flowering 
one. Setaria verticillata, Beauv. 
In cultivated and waste places, very common in Journ Euope, and 
generally spread over central Europe to the Baltic, and into Asia, but 
much rarer in hot countries than the two following species. In 
Britain, it occurs in the south and east of England. Fl. summer and 
autumn. 
4. P. glaucum, Linn. (fig. 1163). Glawcous P.—An erect annual, 
very much like P. verticillatum, but of a paler green ; the spike or spike- 
like panicle more compact and regularly cylindrical, 1 to 14 inches long, 
with very numerous projecting bristles. These are but slightly rough 
with minute erect teeth, so as only to be felt as the spike is pushed 
upwards through the fingers. Spikelets rather larger than in P. vertici- 
latum, the second glume rather shorter than the third, the flowering 
one marked with numerous transverse wrinkles, visible especially as the 
seed ripens. Setaria glauca, Beauv. Pe 
One of the commonest weeds of cultivation throughout the warmer 
regions of the globe, abundant in southern Europe, less so in central 
Europe, not extending into Scandinavia. In Britain, only occasionally 
introduced. Fl. all summer and autumn. 
5. P. viride, Linn. (fig. 1164). Green P.—Closely resembles P. glau- 
cum, but the second and third glumes are both about the same length, 
and the flowering one has no transverse wrinkles. Setaria viridis, 
Beauv. . 
With the same geographical range as P. glaucwm, this is, however, 
much less common in tropical countries, but more so in central Europe, 
extending eastward all across Asia, and northward into southern Scan- 
dinavia. In Britain, it is also rather better established than the other 
species, except P. glawcwm. Fl. summer and autumn. : 
6. P. Crus-galli, Linn. (fig. 1165). Cockspur P.—A coarse, decum- — 
