548 THE CLUBMOSS FAMILY. _ [Lycopodiwm. 
1, L. clavatum, Linn. (fig. 1259). Common C.—Stems hard, creep- 
ing, 1 to 2 feet long, with ascending forked branches, 1 to 2 inches long, 
all completely covered with the crowded, moss-like, but rather stiff 
leaves, which are linear, 2 to 8 lines long, including their fine, hair-like 
points ; those on the creeping stem all turned upwards; those on the 
branches imbricated all round, Spikes 1 to 1$ inches long, scattering 
their yellow dust in great profusion, 2 or sometimes 3 together, on a 
peduncle at least as long, bearing small, narrow, yellowish leaves or 
scales, about half as large as the stem-leaves, 
In hilly pastures and heaths, in central and northern Europe, Russian 
Asia, and North America, extending from the Pyrenees and the Alps to 
the Arctic regions, and in the southern hemisphere. Generally distri- 
buted over Britain, but more common in the north, Fr. summer and 
autumn. 
vay 
2, L. annotinum, Linn. (fig. 1260). Interrupted C.—The long, hard, 
creeping stems, with short ascending branches all covered with leaves, 
are the same asin JL. clavatum, but the leaves are much stiffer, more 
spreading, fully 3 lines long, without any hair-like point, and the spikes, 
seldom an inch long, are always solitary and closely sessile at the 
extremity of the leafy branches, 
In mountain heaths, woods, and stony places, in central and northern 
Europe, Russian Asia, and North America, extending from the Alps to 
the Arctic regions. In Britain, only in the mountains of Scotland, 
northern England, and North Wales. fr. summer and autumn, 
3. L. alpinum, Linn. (fig. 1261), Alpine C._—The stems creep as in 
the last two species, and sometimes attain a considerable length, but 
the ascending branches are much more divided, forming close clusters 
or tufts, 2 to 8 inches high. Leaves scarcely above a line long, few on 
the creeping stems, numerous on the branches, and closely imbricated 
in 4 rows. Spikes about 4 inch long, closely sessile, and solitary at the 
extremity of the leafy branches. 
In mountain pastures, in Europe and central and Russian Asia, 
extending from the Pyrenees and Alps to the Arctic regions, In 
Britain, common in the mountains of Scotland, northern Jreland, and 
northern and central, but very rare in southern England, Fr, summer. 
[Z. complanatum, Linn., is a form which affects warmer climates, and 
is distinguished by its longer, less crowded, flattened branches, and 
several peduncled spikes. It has been found in Gloucestershire and 
Worcestershire. ] 
4. L. Selago, Linn, (fig. 1262). ir. C_—Stems scarcely creeping, 
though slightly decumbent and rooting at the base ; the forked branches 
forming dense, level-topped tufts 3 or 4 inches high, completely covered 
with their crowded but spreading dark-green leaves, all lanceolate, 3 or 
4 lines long, with a short fine point. Spore-cases in the axils of the 
upper leaves, not forming a distinct spike ; they are sometimes replaced 
by little pedicellate leafy bulbs. 
In hilly pastures, in the cold and temperate countries of both hemi- 
spheres. Frequent in all hilly parts of Britain, except some of the 
southern counties of England. Fr. summer and autumn. 
5. L. inundatum, Linn. (fig. 1263). Marsh C.—Stems slender and 
creeping, scarcely branched, seldom above 2 inches long, with narrow- 
linear leaves, about 2 lines long, all turned upwards, Fruiting branches 
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