183 ' THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. Bupleurum. 



In open woods, bushy wastes, and heaths, abundant in the hilly dis- 

 tricts of central and southern Europe, and in central and temperate 

 Russian Asia, but scarcely further to the north than southern Belgium. 

 In Britain only on Norton Heath, near Ongar, in Essex, and in Surrey. 

 It is considered to be a doubtful native. Fl. August, 



XIV. GENANTHE. (ENANTH. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with partial and sometimes 

 also general involucres, of several small, narrow bracts. Flowers of the 

 circumference usually barren and with larger petals ; the fertile ones 

 in the centre sessile, or on very short, often thickened pedicels. Petals 

 notched, with an inflected point. Fruits from ovate to narrow-oblong, 

 crowned with the 5 small calycine teeth. Carpels somewhat corky, 

 with 5 obtusely convex ribs, and single vittas under the furrows. 



A rather natural genus, spread over Europe, Asia, and North America, 

 most of the species frequenting wet meadows, and marshes, or even 

 growing in water. 



Segments of the upper^leaves few, long and linear. 

 Stems very hollow. Central umbel fertile, of 3 rays ; those 



of the branches barren, of several rays . . . . 1. CE. fistulosa. 

 Stems nearly solid. All the umbels of several rays, with 



fertile and barren flowers 2. (E. pimpinelloides. 



Segments of the stem-leaves numerous, broadly cuneate, or 

 short and oblong. 

 Umbels terminal and large. Segments of the leaves at 



least half an inch long 3. CE. crocata. 



Umbels mostly opposite to the leaves. Leaf -segments small 4. (E. Phellandrium. 



1. (E. fistulosa, Linn. (fig. 423). Water Dropwort.— Stock (probably 

 the offset of the previous autumn) emitting creeping runners, with a 

 cluster of fibrous roots, usually more or less thickened into oblong 

 tubers. Stems thick and very hollow, erect, 2 to 3 feet high, and 

 slightly branched. Radical leaves twice pinnate, with small cuneate 

 segments divided into 3 or 5 lobes ; those of the stem have long stalks, 

 hollow like the stems, and bear only in their upper extremity a few 

 pinnate segments with linear lobes. Umbels terminal, the central one 

 on the stem has only 3 rays, each with numerous sessile fertile flowers, 

 and few or no pedicellate barren ones ; those which terminate the 

 branches have usually 5 rays, their flowers all pedicellate and barren. 

 Partial j involucres of a few small narrow bracts, the general one either 

 entirely wanting or reduced to a single bract. Fruits in compact 

 globular heads, each one fully 2 lines long, narrowed at the base, and 

 crowned by the stiff, narrow teeth of the calyx, and the still longer, 

 rigid styles. 



In wet meadows, and marshes, dispersed over temperate Europe, 

 extending eastward to the Caucasus, and northward into southern 

 Sweden. Common in England and Ireland, but only in the southern 

 counties of Scotland. Fl. summer and autumn. 



2. CE. pimpinelloides, Linn. (fig. 424). Parsley CE. — A perennial, 

 with clustered fibrous roots, swelling into round, ovoid, or oblong 

 tubers, at a greater or less distance from the stock, or, in very wet 

 places, remaining sometimes slender throughout. Stems erect, firmer 

 and more solid than in CE. fistulosa, 1 to 2 feet high, or sometimes more, 



