208 THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. [Viburnum. 



Leaves toothed, undivided, downy underneath. Flowers all small 



and perfect 1. V. Lantana. 



Leaves 3- to 5-lobed, glabrous. Outer flowers of the cyme large, 



without stamens or pistils 2. V. Opulus. 



The Lauvustinus of our garden is a Viburnum from southern Europe. 



1. V. Lantana, Linn. (fig. 464). Wayfaring-tree. — A large, much- 

 branched shrub, the young shoots and leaves thickly covered with a 

 soft mealy down. Leaves ovate, 3 to 5 inches long, cordate at the 

 base, bordered by small pointed teeth, very soft and velvety on the 

 upper side, with a more mealy whitish down underneath, without any 

 glands to the leafstalks. Flowers small and white, in dense cymes of 

 2 to 3 inches diameter. Berries somewhat oblong, of a purplish black. 



In woods and hedges, all over temperate and southern Europe to the 

 Caucasus, penetrating far into Scandinavia. Not unf requent in England, 

 from York southwards, but very doubtfully indigenous north of it, or in 

 Scotland, and not recorded from Ireland. Fl. early summer. 



2. V. Opulus, Linn. (fig. 465). Guelder Rose. — Not generally a tall 

 shrub when wild, but it will grow into a small tree, and is always 

 glabrous in all its parts. Leaves 2 or 3 inches broad, divided to near 

 the middle into 3 or sometimes 5 broad angular pointed lobes, which 

 are usually coarsely toothed or again lobed ; the slender leafstalks have 

 2 or more sessile glands at the top, and 2 or more linear fringe-like 

 appendages at the base. Flower-cymes like those of V. Lantana, except 

 that the outer flowers become much enlarged, attaining often near an 

 inch in diameter, but, having neither stamens nor styles, they are 

 perfectly barren. Berries globular, of a blackish red. 



In hedges and coppices, in Europe and Kussian Asia, extending into 

 the Arctic regions. In Britain, much less frequent in Scotland than 

 in England and Ireland. Fl. summer. The Guelder-Rose of our gardens 

 is a variety, or, more properly speaking, a monstrosity, in which all 

 the flowers are enlarged and barren, giving the cyme a globular shape. 



IV. LONICERA. HONEYSUCKLE. 



Shrubs, or tall climbers, with opposite entire leaves, and white, 

 yellowish, pink, or red flowers, two or more together, in terminal or 

 axillary heads. Calyx with a border of 5 small teeth. Corolla with a 

 more or less elongated tube, and an oblique limb either 5-lobed, or in 

 two lips, the upper one 4-lobed, the lower entire. Stamens 5. Style 

 filiform, with a capitate stigma. Ovary 2- or 3-celled, with several 

 ovules in each cell. Berry small, with one or very few seeds. 



A considerable genus, spread over the temperate regions of Europe, 

 Asia, and North America. It is really a natural one, and very readily 

 distinguished from the adjoining genera by the flowers, although the 

 two principal groups into which it is separable, the climbing true 

 Honeysuckles and the erect shrubby j% Honeysuckles, are rather dissimilar 

 in aspect. 



Climbers. Flowers long, in terminal heads. 



All the leaves distinct at the base 1. L. Periclymenum. 



Leaves of the one or two uppermost pairs joined together at 



the base 2. L. Caprifolium. 



Erect shrub. Flowers short, two together on short axillary 



peduncles . . „ . 3. L. Xylosteum. 



