AntJiemis.] XLIII. COMPOSITE. 239 



with a more spreading stem and thicker leaves, formerly found on the 

 coast of Durham, has been figured as A. maritime/,, Linn., but the true 

 plant of that name is limited to the shores of the Mediterranean. The 

 Durham plant has been described under the name of A. anglica, Spr. 



3. A. nobilis, Linn. (fig. 530). Common C. — A procumbent or creep- 

 ing, branched perennial ; the flowering branches shortly ascending, and 

 leafy. Segments of the leaves fine, and pointed as in A. Cotula, but 

 fewer and more compact. Flower- heads on terminal peduncles, with 

 white rays. Inner involucral bracts more scarious at the top than in 

 the last two species. Scales of the receptacle rather broad, obtuse, and 

 nearly as long as the central florets. 



A native, apparently, of western Europe, and chiefly of sandy pastures 

 near the sea, but, having been long cultivated, it has established itself 

 in so many places that its precise area cannot well be made out. Evi- 

 dently indigenous in southern England and Ireland, but decreases 

 rapidly northward, and not a true native of Scotland. Fl. summer and 

 autumn. 



4. A. tinctoria, Linn. (fig. 531). Yellow 0. — This has much the 

 habit and aspect of A. arvensis, but is usually a taller plant, and more 

 downy, the leaves less divided, with pinnatifid or toothed segments, 

 the flower-heads rather larger, and the rays of a bright yellow. 



In cultivated and waste places, in central and eastern Europe and 

 Russian Asia, abundant in Denmark and Eastern France, but scarcely 

 farther west. In Britain, it has been found on ballast heaps in some 

 of the eastern counties of England. Fl. end of summer. 



XV. ACHILLEA. ACHILLEA. 



Herbs, mostly perennial, with alternate, much divided, or rarely 

 simple leaves ; the flower-heads rather small, in a terminal corymb, 

 with white or pink rays, and a yellow disk. Involucres ovoid or hemi- 

 spherical, the bracts imbricated, only slightly scarious on the edges. 

 Receptacle small, not convex, with scales between the florets. Achenes 

 without any pappus. Style nearly that of Senecio. 



A considerable European, North American, and Asiatic genus, divided 

 by modern botanists into two sections or genera, represented by the 

 two British species, but separated by very trifling characters. 



Leaves linear, serrated. Flower-heads few, hemispherical . . 1. A. Ptarmica. 

 Leaves much divided. Flower-heads numerous, small, and 



ovoid % A. Millefolium. 



1. A. Ptarmica, Linn. (fig. 532). Sneezewort. — Rootstock perennial 

 and creeping. Stems erect and glabrous, 1 to 2 feet high, nearly 

 simple. Leaves rather broadly linear, and regularly serrate. Flower- 

 heads few, in a loose terminal corymb. Involucres hemispherical, 

 slightly cottony, smaller than in Anthemis, but much larger than in A. 

 Millefolium. Florets of the ray generally from 10 to 15, short, broad, 

 and white ; those of the disk numerous, interspersed with small linear 

 scales. 



In moist, chiefly hilly pastures, in northern and central Europe and 

 Asia, becoming a mountain plant in southern Europe, yet not extending 

 to the Arctic regions. Common in Britain. Fl. summer, rather late. 



