286 THE HEATH FAMILY. [Pyrola. 



bracts on the peduncle, and broader sepals, is found on sandhills in 

 Lancashire.] 



3. P. media, Swartz. (fig. 645). Intermediate W. — Perhaps a mere 

 variety of P. minor, and sometimes passing almost into P. rotimdifolia. 

 It differs from the former chiefly by the style, which is considerably 

 longer, although nearly straight, and never so curved as in P. rotimdi- 

 folia. The size of the flower is variable. 



The geographical range is much more restricted than that of any 

 other of the species ; it is confined to Europe, and in England is not 

 found south of Warwick and Worcester, whence it extends to Shetland ; 

 it also is found in the north and west of Ireland. 



4. P. minor, Linn. (fig. 646). Common W. — Stock perennial, slightly 

 creeping, retaining a few leaves during the winter intermixed with 

 scales produced at the base of each year's shoot. Leaves on rather 

 long stalks, collected 3 or 4 together in 1 or 2 tufts at the top of 

 the stock, broadly ovate or orbicular, rather thiGk, entire or slightly 

 crenated, with a minute tooth or gland in each notch, scarcely visible 

 without a glass. Peduncle erect, from 4 or 5 inches to twice that 

 height, leafless or with 1 or 2 small scales. Flowers drooping, in a 

 short, loose raceme, not turned to one side as in the following species, 

 each one in the axil of a small, narrow bract. Sepals short and broad. 

 Petals ovate or orbicular, quite free, but concave and closing over the 

 stamens, usually of a pale pink. Stamens shorter than the corolla. 

 Style scarcely protruding or even shorter than the corolla, straight or 

 nearly so, with a broad, 5-lobed, spreading stigma. 



In woods and moist shady places, in Europe, northern Asia, and the 

 extreme north of America, becoming a mountain plant in southern 

 Europe and the Caucasus. Frequent in Scotland, northern England, 

 more local in southern England ; rare in Ireland, PI. summer. 



5. P. secunda, Linn. (fig. 647). Serrated IF.— Leaves ovate, more 

 pointed, and often more distinctly toothed and more prominently veined 

 than in P. minor. Flowers smaller, more numerous and crowded, and 

 all remarkably turned to one side. Sepals very small. Petals free, of 

 a greenish white. Style long and nearly straight. 



The geographical range is nearly that of P. minor, but it is more local, 

 and generally more northern or more alpine, being rarely found in 

 central and southern Europe out of the higher mountain-ranges. In 

 Britain it is very local, but found in Monmouthshire, and from York- 

 shire northward to Ross-shire. It is very rare in the north-east of 

 Ireland only. Fl. summer. 



X. MONOTROPA. MONOTROPE. 



Simple, erect, rather succulent herbs, of a pale brown or yellowish 

 colour, leafless with the exception of small scales of the colour of the 

 stem, resembling Orobanche, and probably parasitical on the roots of 

 trees. Sepals 4 or 5, free or united at the base. Petals as many, free 

 or united at the base. Stamens twice as many. Anthers opening by 

 transverse slits or valves, not by pores as in the rest of the family. 

 Capsule of 4 or 5 cells, opening by slits opposite the middle of the cells. 

 Style single, with a broad terminal stigma. 



