338 THE SCROPHULARIA FAMILY. [Veronica. 



Sweden. Rare in Britain, having been only found in a few localities 

 in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Yorkshire. Fl. spring and summer. 



X. BARTSIA. BARTSIA. 



Herbs, usually half parasitical on the roots of other plants, with erect 

 stems, opposite leaves, and yellow or purple flowers in terminal spikes. 

 Calyx tubular or campanulate, 4-cleft. Corolla with a distinct tube ; 

 the limb 2-lipped ; the upper lip erect, concave, entire or notched, but 

 without spreading lobes. Stamens 4, in pairs ; the cells of the anthers 

 pointed at the base. Capsule opening in 2 valves in the middle of the 

 cells. Seeds many, more or less striated or furrowed. 



Rather a large genus, chiefly European, north African, and west 

 Asiatic, but also with a considerable number of South American species. 

 It has been divided into three or four distinct genera, distinguished 

 chiefly by the seeds ; but it appears to me a more natural course to 

 consider these as sections of one genus, distinguished from Euphrasia 

 by the corolla. 



Spikes panicled. Flowers pink. Seeds few, pendulous . . . 3. B. Odontites. 

 Spikes simple or nearly so. Seeds numerous. 

 Spikes short. Flowers dull-purple. Calyx campanulate. Seeds 



deeply furrowed 1. B. alpina. 



Spikes long. Flowers yellow. Calyx tubular. Seeds scarcely 



striated 2. B. viscosa. 



1. B. alpina, Linn. (fig. 766). Alpine B. — A hairy perennial, with 

 a short rootstock, and erect stem 6 to 8 inches high. Leaves sessile, 

 ovate and crenate, the floral ones rather smaller. Flowers in a short, 

 leafy spike. Calyx deeply 4-lobed. Corolla of a dull livid-purple, 8 or 

 9 lines long, with a tube much longer than the calyx, and very short 

 lobes to the lower lip. Anthers very hairy. Capsule ovate, longer than 

 the calyx, with several deeply furrowed, almost winged seeds. 



In mountain pastures, in the higher chains of central and northern 

 Europe, to the Arctic regions. Rare in the higher mountains of Scot- 

 land and the north of England, and unknown in Ireland. Fl. summer. 



2. B. viscosa, Linn. (fig. 767). Viscid B. — An erect, rigid annual, 

 often above a foot high, more or less clothed with a short, glutinous 

 down ; the root-fibres hard and wiry. Leaves lanceolate, coarsely 

 toothed, the floral ones alternate. Flowers yellow, in a long terminal 

 spike ; the calyx tubular, 6 lines long, with 4 lanceolate lobes ; the 

 corolla half as long again, with the lower lip longer than the upper one. 

 Anthers hairy. Capsule oblong, with very numerous, minute, scarcely 

 striated seeds. Eufragia viscosa, Griseb. 



In fields and pastures, chiefly near the sea, in western Europe, and 

 round the whole Mediterranean region, and has established itself in the 

 Canary Islands and South America. In Britain, at present confined to 

 some of the southern and the western maritime counties of England, 

 to southern Ireland, and south-western Scotland. Fl. summer and 

 autumn. 



3. B. Odontites, Huds. (fig. 768). Red B.—An erect, branching 

 annual, seldom a foot high, slightly downy, and not glutinous. Leaves 

 lanceolate and toothed. Flowers of a purplish red, numerous in 1- 

 sided spikes ; the calyx campanulate, 4-cleft ; the upper lip t)f the 



