Bartsia.] LVI. SCROPHULARINEiE. 339 



corolla longer than the lower one. Anthers scarcely hairy. Capsule 

 oblong, with a few pendulous, furrowed seeds, as in Euphrasia, but 

 with the general habit and corolla of a Bartsia. Euphrasia Odontites, 

 Linn. 



In fields and waste places, all over Europe and Russian Asia, except 

 the extreme north. Generally distributed over Britain. Fl. summer. 

 [There are three principal forms of this species in Britain : verna, with 

 ascending branches, leaves rounded at the base, bracts longer than the 

 flowers, and calyx-teeth equalling the tube ; serotina, with flexuous 

 upcurved branches, leaves narrow at the base, bracts shorter than the 

 flowers, and calyx-teeth equalling the tube ; and divergens, with many 

 widely spreading branches.] 



XI. EUPHRASIA. EYEBRIGHT. 



Erect annuals, or, in some exotic species, perennials, closely allied to 

 Bartsia, and differing chiefly in the corolla, which has the upper lip 

 much less concave, with 2 lobes spreading laterally or turned back, and 

 the lobes of the lower lip are more spreading, and usually notched. Seeds 

 few, pendulous, and furrowed. 



There is probably but one species of the genus in the northern hemi- 

 sphere, but several others are natives of Australia and South America. 



1. E. officinalis, Linn. (fig. 769). Common E. — A little, much branched 

 annual, varying wonderfully in size, station, shape of the leaves, size 

 and colour of the flowers, &c, and believed to be half parasitic on the 

 roots of grasses. It is most frequently from 2 to 6 inches high, gla- 

 brous or slightly downy. Leaves small, sessile, opposite, ovate, deeply 

 toothed, the teeth of the lower ones obtuse, of the upper ones finely 

 pointed. Flowers in loose, terminal, leafy spikes ; the calyx with 4 or 

 5 pointed teeth ; the corolla white or reddish, streaked with purple, 

 and a yellow spot in the throat, the tube usually shorter than the 

 spreading lobes. Capsule oblong. Sometimes, especially in high alpine 

 regions, the whole plant is but 1 inch high, with minute, almost yellow 

 flowers ; when luxuriant attains 8 inches, with flowers nearly half an 

 inch long. The leaves in some varieties are all broad, obtuse, almost 

 orbicular, and the upper ones closely imbricated ; in others they are all 

 narrow, very pointed, and distant. 



. In pastures, throughout Europe and Russian and central Asia, from 

 the Mediterranean to the Arctic regions and the highest alpine summits. 

 Abundant in Britain. Fl. summer and autumn. The numerous varieties 

 are referable to two principal races— the E. officinalis, with a more 

 glandular down, especially on the calyx, the teeth of the leaves obtuse, 

 or the upper ones shortly pointed, the capsule broadly oblong, and the 

 seeds ovoid ; and E. nemorosa, Pers., which is never glandular, the teeth 

 of the upper leaves at least ending in a fine point, the capsule very 

 narrow, and the seeds spindle-shaped ; but many forms occur in which 

 these characters are variously combined, or pass into each other. 

 [Another division of the British forms is into E. officinalis proper, with 

 broad-based bracts and a long lower lip of the corolla ; E. gracilis, Fries, 

 more slender, with narrow -based bracts, and lower corolla lip shorter 

 than the tube ; and var. maritima, with the capsule far exceeding the 

 calyx. The latter from Shetland only.] 



