Salvia.] i LVII. LABIATE. 345 



1. S. pratensis, Linn. (fig. 777). Meadow S.— Stock perennial, 

 with a spreading tuft of shortly stalked radical leaves, ovate, heart- 

 shaped, or oblong, 2 to 6 inches long, coarsely toothed, and very 

 much wrinkled. Stems 1 to 1| feet high, slightly downy, with only 

 a few narrow leaves near its base. Flowers in a long and handsome, 

 terminal, simple or scarcely branched spike, composed of whorls of 

 about 6 llowers, at regular distances. Upper lip of the calyx minutely 

 3-toothed. Corolla near thrice as long, of a rich blue, with a long, 

 arched upper lip. 



In dry pastures, roadsides, and waste places, in central and southern 

 Europe to the Caucasus, extending northwards into Sweden and to the 

 French side of the English Channel. Very rare in England, and con- 

 fined to Oxford, Cornwall, and Kent. Fl. summer. 



2. S. Verbenaca, Linn. (fig. 778). Wild S. — A coarse, more or 

 less hairy, erect perennial, 1 to 1 J or rarely 2 feet high, and slightly 

 branched. Lower leaves stalked, ovate, coarsely toothed or lobed, and 

 much wrinkled ; the upper ones sessile, broader and shorter ; bract- 

 like floral leaves small, heart-shaped and entire. Flowers small, blue, 

 in whorls of about 6, forming terminal hairy spikes ; the corolla seldom 

 twice the length of the calyx. 



In waste places, on roadsides, &c, in northern and central Europe 

 and Russian Asia. Scattered over England, Ireland, and southern 

 Scotland as far as Edinburgh. Fl. summer. In southern Europe it 

 is replaced by the small-flowered S, clandestina, a marked variety or 

 perhaps species, on a smaller scale, with narrower, more cut leaves, 

 and smaller flowers, which occurs in the Channel Islands. 



II. LYCOPUS. LYCOPUS. 



Herbs, with the habit and flowers of Mentha, but with only 2 stamens 

 and the nuts surrounded by a thickened, somewhat corky border. 



Besides the British species there are but very few, dispersed over 

 Europe, Asia, and North America, together with one in Australia. 

 Perhaps indeed all but one may be mere varieties of the common 

 one. 



1. L. europseus, Linn. (fig. 779). Gipsyivort. — A tall, erect, and 

 branching perennial, slightly hairy, with a shortly creeping rootstock. 

 Leaves shortly stalked, lanceolate, or almost ovate, deeply toothed 

 or pinnatifid. Flowers small and very numerous, in dense axillary 

 whorls or clusters, seldom exceeding the leafstalk. Calyx-teeth 5, stiff 

 and pointed. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx-teeth, and nearly 

 equally 4-lobed. Stamens rather long. 



In wet ditches, and marshes, throughout Europe, northern Asia, 

 and North America. Abundant in England and Ireland, extending 

 into Scotland, but becoming rare as it advances northward. Fl. 

 summer, 



III. MENTHA. MINT. 



Perennial herbs, usually downy or hairy, with rather small flowers 

 in dense whorls or clusters, which are either collected in terminal 



