Euphorbia.] LXVIII. EUPHORBIACE^E. 393 



4. E. hiberna, Linn. (fig. 888). Irish S.—A perennial, with several 

 ascending or nearly erect stems, 1 to 1J feet high, either glabrous 

 or the stems and under side of the leaves more or less softly hairy. 

 Leaves broadly oblong, entire, often 2 inches long or more. Umbel 

 compact, of 5 rays, once or twice shortly forked, and but little longer 

 than the leaves immediately under it. Floral leaves large and ovate, 

 often yellowish. Glands of the involucre entire and rounded. Capsule 

 rather large, strongly warted, but not hairy. Seeds not pitted. 



In woods and mountain pastures, in western Europe, and chiefly in 

 the Pyrenees, in western and central France, and in south and west 

 Ireland, and in a few localities in Devonshire. Fl. early summer. 



5. E. pilosa, Linn. (fig. 889). Hairy S. — A perennial, somewhat 

 resembling E. hiberna, but more erect, either softly hairy, especially 

 on the under side of the leaves, or nearly glabrous in a Continental 

 variety. Stem-leaves oblong, like those of E. hiberna, but those under 

 the umbel shorter. Umbel usually of 5 rays, with a few axillary 

 branches below it ; the rays much longer and more branched than 

 in E. hiberna. Capsules rather smaller, though much larger than in 

 E. platyphyllos, not really warted, but usually covered with small, 

 raised, glandular dots, glabrous or hairy. Seeds not pitted. E. palustris, 

 Forst. 



In moist woods and thickets, on shady banks, in central and southern 

 and especially eastern Europe, and western Asia, but not approaching 

 nearer to Britain than the Loire. It has, however, long been known 

 apparently wild near Bath, and has been recently found by Mr. Hemsley 

 near Westmeston in Sussex. El. early summer. 



6. E. Peplus, Linn. (fig. 890). Petty S. — An erect or decumbent, 

 glabrous annual, 6 inches to a foot high, branching from the base. 

 Stem-leaves obovate, entire, shortly stalked. Umbel of 2 or 3 re- 

 peatedly forked rays, often occupying the greater part of the plant. 

 Floral leaves broadly ovate or cordate. Flower-heads small. Glands 

 of the involucre crescent-shaped, with long points. Capsule glabrous 

 and smooth, with a longitudinal rib or narrow wing to each carpel. 

 Seeds pitted. 



In cultivated and waste places, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, 

 except the extreme north. Abundant in England, Ireland, and a great 

 part of Scotland. Fl. the whole summer, and autumn. 



7. E. exigua, Linn. (fig. 891). Dwarf 8. — A slender, glabrous 

 annual, with several erect or ascending stems, from 1 or 2 to 6 or 8 

 inches high. Stem-leaves numerous, small and narrow. Umbels of 

 3 or 4, rarely 5 rays, sometimes contracted into terminal heads, 

 more frequently elongated and forked. Floral leaves usually lanceo- 

 late. Glands of the involucre crescent-shaped, with fine points. 

 Capsules small, smooth or slightly warted at the angles. Seeds 

 slightly wrinkled. 



In cultivated and waste places, in central and southern Europe and 

 western Asia, extending northwards to southern Sweden. Abundant 

 in most parts of England, rare in Scotland, and local in Ireland. Fl. 

 the whole season. 



_ 8. E. Lathyris, Linn. (fig. 892). Caper S.—A tall, stout annual or 

 biennial, often 3 feet high or even more, very smooth and glaucous. 

 Stem-leaves narrow- oblong, the upper ones broader, especially at the 



