Orchis.] LXXXI. ORCHIDACE^E. 445 



tremely rare in Britain, and confined to Kent, Surrey, and Suffolk. Fl. 

 summer. 



9. O. pyramidalis, Linn. (fig. 1005). Pyramidal 0. — Tubers entire. 

 Stem a foot high or rather more, with lanceolate leaves, usually narrow 

 and pointed. Spike very dense, ovoid or oblong, 2 to 3 or even 4 inches 

 long; the flowers not very large, but of a rich rose or purplish-red, 

 either scentless or with a disagreeable odour, and remarkable for their 

 very slender spur, longer than the ovary, although that is long in pro- 

 portion to the rest of the flower. Sepals lanceolate, spreading. Petals 

 converging over the column. Lip broad, 3-lobed, the lobes equal or the 

 middle one narrower. Anacamptis pyramidalis, Kich. 



On rather dry banks, and pastures, chiefly in limestone districts, in 

 central and southern Europe, extending eastward to the Caucasus and 

 northward to Denmark. Abundant in several parts of England and 

 Ireland, and occurs in a few localities in southern Scotland. FL all 

 summer. 



XII. HABENARIA. HABENAEIA. 



Foliage, inflorescence, and spurred flowers of Orchis, but the anther- 

 cells, instead of converging at the base, are either parallel or diverging, 

 each terminating in a gland which is more or less exposed. 



An extensive genus, chiefly distributed over Asia and America. The 

 table of species is included above in that of Orchis. 



1. H. bifolia, Br. (fig. 1006). Butterfly #.— Tubers entire. Stem 

 1 to 1 J feet high, with 2 rather large leaves at its base, varying from 

 broadly ovate to oblong ; the outer leaves very few, and usually re- 

 duced to sheathing scales. Flowers pure white or with a slight 

 greenish tinge, rather large, and sweet-scented, in a loose spike from 

 3 to 6 or 8 inches long, with lanceolate bracts about the length of the 

 ovary. Two lateral sepals spreading, the upper one arching over the 

 column with the petals. Lip linear and entire, rather longer than the 

 sepals, and usually greenish at the tip. Spur slender, twice as long as 

 the ovary. Platanthera, Kich. 



In moist pastures, and meadows, on grassy slopes and open places in 

 moist woods, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, from the Mediter- 

 ranean to the Arctic Circle. Generally distributed over Britain. Fl. 

 all summer. It varies much in the breadth of the leaves and the parts 

 of the flower, and the name of II. chlorantha, Bab., is given to one in 

 which the flowers are large, usually very white (although the name 

 means " green-flowered"), and the anther-cells are broadly diverging 

 at the base. But intermediates passing gradually from the broad to 

 the narrow forms have been frequently seen in great numbers at High 

 Force in Teesdale in 1865. 



2. H. conopsea, Linn. (fig. 1007). Fragrant H. — Tubers palmate 

 as in 0. maculata. Stem 1 to 2 feet high, with linear or narrow-lanceo- 

 late leaves. Spike oblong or cylindrical, not so dense as in C. pyramid- 

 alis. Flowers much like those of that species, but smaller, sweet-scented, 

 and the slender spur is still longer. Gymnadenia conopsea, Br. 



In heaths and pastures, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, espe- 

 cially in the north, extending to the Arctic regions ; in the south of 



