446 THE OKCHID FAMILY. [Hahenaria. 



Europe more confined to mountain districts. Dispersed all over Britain, 

 and very abundant in Scotland and Ireland. Fl. all summer, 



3. H. intacta, Benth. (fig. 1008). Dense-spiked IT. — Tubers entire. 

 Leaves broadly oblong or lanceolate, often spotted. Flowers pink, 

 pale purple or white, often twisted to one side. Sepals pointed, con- 

 verging over the column and over the narrow petals. Lip 3-lobed, not 

 exceeding the sepals, the central lobe entire or notched. Spur very 

 short. Tinea cylindracea, Biv. ; Neotinea intacta, Eeichb. f . 



In open pastures, chiefly in limestone districts, widely distributed 

 over the Mediterranean region and western Europe. In the British 

 Isles only found in Mayo and Galway. Fl. summer. This species has 

 been referred to several genera, and even raised to the rank of a genus. 



4. H. albida, Br. (fig. 1009). Small H. — In stature, and its small 

 flowers with very short spurs, this species approaches Orchis ustulata, 

 but the flowers are white, and the anthers are more like those of 

 Hahenaria than of Orchis. The rootstock produces several thickened 

 fibres, sometimes uniting into a deeply divided tuber. Stem 6 to 8 

 inches high, with a few oblong leaves. Spike dense, cylindrical, 1 to 2 

 inches long, with numerous small, sweet-scented flowers. Sepals con- 

 cave, but open, scarcely above a line long ; the lip about their length, 

 with 3 entire lobes, the middle one the longest. Gymnadenia albida. Rich. 



In mountain pastures, in northern and Arctic Europe, and in the 

 mountains of central Europe. Abundant in Scotland and northern 

 England ; found also in Sussex, North Wales, and Ireland. Fl. summer. 



5. H. viridis, Br. (fig. 1010). Green H. y Frog Orchis.— Tubers more 

 or less lobed. Stem 4 to 8 inches high, with a few ovate or oblong 

 leaves, and a rather close spike of yellowish green flowers, rather larger 

 than in H. albida, but with the same very short spur or pouch. Bracts 

 usually longer than the ovary. Sepals converging over the column and 

 petals, about 2 \ or 3 lines long. Lip longer and hanging, oblong, with 

 nearly parallel sides, and 3 or sometimes only 2 very short lobes at the 

 tip. 



In hilly pastures, in Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic 

 regions, but rather a mountain plant in the south, Russian Asia, and 

 North America. Frequent in Scotland and Ireland, less so in southern 

 England. Fl. summer. 



XIII. ACERAS. MAN ORCHIS. 



Flowers and habit of an Orchis, except that there is no spur whatever 

 to the lip. 



A genus of very few species, from Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. 



1. A. anthropophora, Br. (fig. 1011). Man Orchis. — A rather small 

 species, seldom above 8 or 9 inches high, with entire tubers ; the leaves 

 varying from ovate to oblong or nearly lanceolate. Spike slender, 2 to 

 4 inches long. Flowers of a dull yellowish-green ; the sepals converg- 

 ing over the column and petals as in Orchis hircina, but very much 

 smaller. Lip narrow-linear, twice as long as the sepals, and fancifully 

 compared to a hanging man, the lateral lobes representing his arms, 

 and the middle one, which is longer and 2-cleft, his body and legs. 



