26 THE CRUCIFER FAMILY. [ Matthiola 
Leaves oblong-linear, obtuse, quite entire, soft and hoary on both sides 
with short crisped hairs. Flowers purple or reddish, rather large, the 
petals obovate. Pod 4 or 5 inches long, crowned by the short stigmas, 
which are rather thickened at the base. 
On cliffs and stony places on the seacoast, round the Mediterranean, and 
up Western Europe, at least to Bayonne. In Britain fully established as a 
wild plant on cliffs in the Isle of Wight, and perhaps some other parts of 
the south coast, although probably originally escaped from cultivation. 
Fl, summer. 
2. M.sinuata, Br, (fig. 49). Sea Stock.—Like the last, but more herha- 
ceous and diffuse, and covered all over with a short hoary down, which is, 
however, much softer and more dense. Branches very spreading. Lower 
leaves deeply sinuate. Flowers nearly as in MV. incana, but the pods more 
compressed, usually more or less covered with glandular protuberances, and - 
the stigmas very short, scarcely thickened at the base. 
On sandy seashores, common all round the Mediterranean, and up the 
west coast of Europe to Ireland, and some points of the south and west 
coasts of England and Wales. Fl. summer. Very fragrant at night. | 
Il. CHEIRANTHUS. WALLFLOWER. 
Habit and character of Matthiola except that the hairs are bipartite and 
appressed, the flowers are orange or yellow, or under cultivation red, purple, 
or brown, the pod more distinctly flattened, the very short stigmas spreading 
horizontally, not erect, and usually borne on a distinct style, and the seeds 
not winged. 
The genus is reduced by some to a single species, by others made to 
include also a very few species from southern Europe and the Canary Islands. 
J. ©. Cheiri, Linn. (fig. 50). Common Wallflower, Wallflower. 
Gilliflower.—A perennial of longer duration and more woody than the 
common Stock, more branched and less hoary, the hairs forked at the base, 
and closely pressed on the surface, or often quite green and nearly glabrous. 
Leaves narrow, pointed, quite entire. Flowers rather large, generally of a 
rich orange-yellow, and sweet-scented, but varying from pale yellow toa 
deep red. Pods 2 to 3 inches long, the valves marked by a slightly 
prominent midrib. 
A native of rocky situations, in southern Europe, but spreads rapidly 
from cultivation, and is now abundant, apparently wild, on walls, old build- 
ings, and rocky places near habitations, in many parts of central and even 
northern Europe. In Britain very frequent under the latter circumstances. 
Fl, Spring. 
Ill. BARBAREA. WINTERCRESS. 
Herbs, only differing from the yellow-flavoured Nasturtia by their longer 
pod, the midrib more conspicuous, and the seeds apparently arranged in a 
single row, and from Hrysimum and Sisymbrium by the radicle accumbent 
on the edges of the cotyledons, not incumbent on the back of one of them. 
a very small genus, generally spread over the temperate regions of the 
globe. 
1, B. vulgaris, Br, (fig. 51). Common Wuintercress, Wintercress, 
