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o4 _ THE CRUCIFER FAMILY. [ Sisymbrium. 
lanceolate, slightly toothed lobes, the terminal one from 1 to 13 inches 
long, the others smaller, often curved backwards towards the stem; the 
upper leaves sometimes undivided and hastate. Flowers very small and 
yellow. Pods about six lines long, thick at the base, tapering to the 
point, more or less hairy, almost sessile, and closely pressed against the 
axis, in long, slender racemes, the midribs of the valves almost as pro- 
minent as in Hrystmum. . 
In waste places, and by roadsides, common throughout Europe and 
Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Abundant in Britain, rarer in the 
north of Scotland. £7. summer. 
2, S.frio, Linn. (fig. 70). Broad Sisymbrium, London Rocket.— 
An erect annual, with a hard stem, a foot high or more, and glabrous or 
nearly so. Leaves deeply pinnatifid or pinnate, the lobes or segments lan- 
ceolate, more numerous and larger than in S. officinale. Flowers small and 
yellow. Pods on more or less spreading pedicels, 13 to 2 inches long, often 
all turned to one side, forming a dense, erect raceme. 
In waste places, and by roadsides, in central and southern Europe to the 
Caucasus. Rare in Britain, and chiefly recorded from the neighbourhood 
of London, Berwick, and Dublin. #V. summer. [Called London Rocket, from 
having sprung up amongst the ruins of the Fire of London in 1666. | 
3. S. Sophia, Linn. (fig. 71). Fine-leaved Sisymbrium, Flinweed.— 
An erect annual, a foot high or rather more, not so coarse as the last two, 
and somewhat hoary with a very short down. Leaves two or three times 
divided into numerous short linear segments. Flowers small and yellow. 
Pods slender and glabrous, 9 to 12 lines long, on slender, spreading 
pedicels, forming loose, terminal, erect racemes. 
In waste places, by roadsides, etc., in Europe and northern Asia, from 
the Arctic Circle to the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and Himalaya, and 
in northern America; thinly scattered through Britain. £7. summer. 
IX. ALLIARIA. ALLIARIA. 
A single species, associated by some with Sisymbrium, by others with 
Lirysimum ; differing from the former by the valves of the pod, with a pro- 
minent midrib, as in Hrysimum; from the latter by white flowers, and a 
more cylindrical pod; from both by a peculiar habit of foliage, and by the 
striate seed, of which the short stalk is more distinctly expanded (within 
the pod) into a broad white membrane. 
1. 4. officinalis, Andrz. (fig. 72). Common Alliaria, Garlic- Mustard, 
Sauce-alone.—An erect annual or biennial, or sometimes of longer duration, 
1 to 3 feet high, emitting a strong smell of garlic when rubbed, glabrous, 
or with a few long hairs on the stem and the edges of the leaves. Lower 
leaves on long stalks, orbicular and crenate; those of the stem on shorter 
stalks, cordate, ovate or triangular, coarsely toothed, 2 to 3 inches long 
and broad. Flower small and white. Pods on short, spreading stalks, stiff 
and glabrous, 1 to 14 inches long, nearly cylindrical, but with a very 
prominent midrib on each valve. Sisymbrium Alliaria, Scop. Hrysimum 
Alliaria, Linn. 
Under hedges, in shady waste or cultivated places, over the greater part 
of Europe and western Asia, but not an Arctic plant. Frequent in Britain 
