- 
36 THE CRUCIFER FAMILY. [ Brassica. 
one by Boissier. Itis distinguished from Sisymbrium and Barbarea essen- 
tially by the folded cotyledons, and in most cases by the beak of the pod. 
Kven in the first two species, and in B. nigra, where the beak is not so 
distinct, the persistent style is more conical at the base than in Barbarea, 
and very much longer than in Stsymbrium. 
Upper stem-leaves entire, sessile, or clasping the stem. 
All the leaves glabrous and glaucous, the upper ones not 
auricled , . . : ‘ . ° : . : ‘ 
Radical leaves more or less hispid, the upper ones auricled at 
the base . ° ° - : : ° . ; : . 5. B. campestris. 
All the leaves pinnately cut or stalked. 
Six or fewer seeds in each cell of the pod. 
Pods slender and short, closely pressed against the axis of 
the raceme. Beak small. 
Podsending in aslender style, slightly conicalat the base 8. B. nigra. 
Pods ending in a distinct beak, thickened at the base . 9. B. adpressa. 
Pods more or less spreading ina loose raceme. Beak large. 
Pod very hispid, rather shorter than the long flat beak . 6. B. alba. 
Pod glabrous, or rough, rather longer than the conical 
(Wea cw eer re : ; eS : eee er Bee . 7. B. Sinapis. 
Ten, twelve or more seeds in each cell of the pod. 
Pod 13 to 2 inches, the beak distinct, with 1 or 2 seeds . 3&8. B. monensis. 
Pod slender, not 13 inchlong. The beak very short, with- * 
out seeds. 
Branched and leafy perennial, a foot high or more . 1. B. tenuifolia. 
Low annual, the leaves mostly radical . ° ° . 2 B. muralis, 
Besides the above, a variety of the B. Hrucastrum, known under the 
names of Hrucastrum Pollichit or EH. inodorum, a common roadside weed in 
some parts of Continental Europe, has been found by Mr. Joshua Clarke | 
in a railway cutting near Saffron Walden, and is said to have sown itself in 
the neighbourhood, but can scarcely have a claim as yet to be admitted in 
our Floras. It is an erect annual, with the habit and pinnatifid or pinnate 
leaves nearly of B. monensis, but the pod, as in B. tenuifolia and B. muralis, 
has a very short beak without any seed in it. 
1, B. tenuifolia, Boiss. (fig. 75). Wall Brassica, Rocket.—A loosely 
branched or bushy perennial, 1 to 2 feet high, perfectly glabrous and some- 
what glaucous, emitting a disagreeable smell when rubbed. Leaves very 
variable, mostly irregularly pinnate, 2 to 4 or 5 inches long, with a few 
lanceolate or oblong, entire or coarsely toothed segments, the upper leaves. 
often entire or nearly so. Flowers rather large, lemon=coloured, Pods ina 
loose raceme, about 13 inches long, slender, spreading, witk numerous small 
seeds distinctly arranged in two rows. Diplotawxis tenuifolia, DC. 
On old walls, ruins, and waste places, in central and southern Europe 
to the Caucasus, extending northwards to southern Sweden. In Britain, 
chiefly in southern England, always near the sea. Fl. the whole summer. 
2. B.muralis, Boiss. (fig. 76). Sand Brassica.—An annual, branching 
from the base, usually about 6 inches high, with the same smell as the last. 
Leaves mostly radical, or crowded at the base of the stems, less deeply 
divided than in B. ¢enuifolia, and often only sinuate. Flowers much 
smaller, the pods and seeds similar, but also smaller. B. brevipes, Syme. 
Diplotaxis muralis, DC, 
In fields, cultivated and waste places, very common in southern, and 
scattered over central Europe. In Britain, abundant in some of the southern 
counties of England, and near Portmarnock, in Ireland, and appearing occa- 
sionally further north, especially near the sea. Jl. all summer. 
4. B. oleracea, 
