Dianthus. | XI. CARYOPHYLLACER., 59 
Sepals 4 or 5, with the same number of styles. 
‘Capsule 2 epee in 4 or 5 valves. Small, Eee fine 
leaved plants. ; . 5. SAGINA. 
Capsule opening at the top in 8 or 10 teeth. ; 
Plant glabrous, stiff, and erect. Petals quite entire 8. Ma@NcuHta. 
Plant downy, much branched, Petals slightly 
notched ; : : : j . 10, CERASTIUM. 
Sepals 5. Styles 3 (rarely 4). 
Petals none. Alpine, moss-like plant . . 6, CHERLERIA. 
Petals obovate or oblong (sometimes Lag small) 
Petals quite entire : - ; . 7, ARENARIA, 
Petals slightly jagged . 3 ‘ , ; ; . 9. HOLOSTEUM. 
Petals 2-cleft, 
Styles 3. 
Capsule opening to below the middle, in6valves . 11. STELLARIA. 
Capsule opening at the top, in 6 short teeth. apie 
- plant, with narrow leaves t “| ° 5 CERASTIUM trigynum. 
Styles 5, rarely 4. 
Stem leaves sessile. Capsule ppeniog in 10 or 8 short 
teeth . 10. CERASTIUM. 
Stem-leaves cordate, stalked. Capsule opening in 5 
entire or shortly split valves . . : STELLARIA aquasicu. 
Among exotic genera, several Gypsophylla, oe south-eastern Europe, 
are occasionally cultivated in our flower-gardens, and Cucubalus baccifer 
from central and southern Europe, is said to have been formerly found in 
the Isle of Dogs, introduced with ballast, 
I, DIANTHUS. PINK. 
Stiff perennials, or more rarely annuals, with narrow leaves. Calyx 
tubular, 5-toothed, clasped at the base or covered by 2, 4, or 6 broad scales 
or bracts. Petals usually crenate, or jagged. Stamens 10. Styles 2. 
Capsule stalked within the calyx, opening in the top in 4 teeth or short 
valves. 
A considerable genus, spread over Europe and Asia, with a few South 
African species, It is also one of the most natural in the family, readily 
known by the scales under the calyx. 
Annuals. Flowers small, clustered together, the scales as long as 
the calyx. 
Plant glabrous. Scales broad, dry, and scarious . — . 1. D. prolifer. 
Plant slightly downy. Scales narrow, herbaceous, with “long 
points. - 2 D. Armeria. 
Perennials. Flowers few on each stem, distinct, the scales much 
shorter than the calyx. 
Lower leaves not half an inch long, green, and loosely tufted. 
Calyx-teeth and scales pointed. Flowers scentless . . 3 Dz. deltoides. 
Lower leaves near an inch, stiff, and glaucous. Calyx-teeth and 
scales broad, obtuse, or with minute points. Flowers scented 4. D. cesius. 
Among the exotic species cultivated in gardens, are the Sweet- William 
(D. barbatus), the Carnation and Clove Pink (varieties of D. Caryophyllus), 
the Pheasant’s-eye Pink (D. plumarius), all from central or southern 
Europe, and the last two said to establish themselves occasionally half-wild 
on old walls, the Indian Pink (D, sinensis), ete. 
1. D. prolifer, Linn. (fig. 128). Proliferous Pink.—A stiff, erect, 
wiry, glabrous annual, simple, or with a few erect branches, 6 inches to a 
foot high or rather more. Leaves few, narrow, erect, and mostly pointed. 
Flowers small, in compact, oblong or ovoid, terminal heads, the calyx quite 
