Lychnis. | XII, CARYOPHYLLACEA. 65 
terminal panicles, red and scentless, but remarkable for their petals cut 
into 4 linear lobes, the two middle ones the longest. Calyx short, glabrous, 
with 10 ribs and 5 short teeth. Capsule nearly globular, opening in 5 
teeth. 
In moist or marshy meadows and pastures, ditches, &c., throughout 
Europe and Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Abundant in Britain, 
Fl. spring and summer. 
5, L. Viscaria, Linn. (fig. 144). Vescid Lychnis.—Stock perennial,, 
usually tufted, the flowering stems erect, 6 inches to a foot high, glabrous, 
but very viscid in the upper part. Leaves long and narrow, the lower ones 
contracted into long stalks, which are often fringed with a few woolly hairs. 
Flowers red, in close, sessile or shortly-stalked, opposite clusters, forming an 
- oblong panicle, or sometimes a terminal head. Calyx tubular, about 6 lines 
long, with 10 veins and 5 short teeth, rather swollen above the middle as 
the fruit ripens. Petals slightly notched. 
On rocks and rather dry hilly pastures, in northern and central Europe 
and a great part of Russian Asia, but not an Arctic plant, and yet rare in 
southern Europe. In Britain, confined to a few localities in North Wales 
and Scotland, especially about Edinburgh andin Perthshire. Fl. June. 
6. G. alpina, Linn. (fig. 145). Alpine Lychnis.—Like L. Viscaria in 
habit and foliage, but smaller and not viscid. Stems seldom 6 inches high. 
Flowers pink, smaller than in LZ. Viscaria, in compact heads, the calyx 
much shorter, and the petals narrow and deeply 2-cleft. 
In rocky situations, at high latitudes or great elevations, in Arctic and 
northern Europe and Asia, and in the higher mountain ranges of central 
Europe. In Britain, only known on the summit of Little Kilrannoch, a 
mountain in Forfarshire,on Hobcartin Fell in Cumberland, and in Lanca- 
shire. JU. summer. 
V. SAGINA. PEARLWORT. 
Small, matted or tufted herbs, with subulate leaves and small flowers. 
Sepals 4 or 5. Petals 4 or 5, small, entire or slightly notched, sometimes 
entirely deficient. Stamens 4 or 5, or twice those numbers. Styles 4or 5. 
_ Capsule opening in as many valves, 
A small genus, with nearly the geographical range of Arenaria, from 
which it only differs in the number of styles. The 5-styled species were 
formerly included in Spergula, which is now reduced to one or two species 
easily distinguished by their apparently whorled foliage. 
Sepals, stamens, and styles usually 4. Petalsas many ornone. 1. S. procumbens. 
Sepals, petals, and styles 5. Stamens usually 10, 
Sepals obtuse. 
Petals not longer than the calyx. Leaves not clustered . 2. 8. Linnei. 
Petals longer than the calyx. Upper aii fn ete of 
very small ones in theiraxils . . 38. S. nodosa. 
Sepals pointed . 4 : . Arenaria verna, 
1, S. procumbens, Linn. (fg. 146). saDyecermdiens Pearlwort.—A 
minute annual, or perennial, 1 to 2 inches or seldom 3 inches high, some- 
times erect from the base, especially at first, but usually branching and 
decumbent at the base, forming little spreading tufts, usually glabrous, but 
having often an exceedingly minute glandular down. Leaves small and 
subulate, joined at the base in a short, broad, scarious sheath, the radical 
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