Rose. | XXVI, ROSACEE. 143 
XIII. ROSE. ROSA. 
Erect, scrambling or climbing shrubs, more or less prickly, with Atte 
leaves, leafy stipules adhering to the leafstalk, and showy flowers, either 
solitary or in small corymbs at the ends of the branches. Calyx- tube 
globular or ovoid, contracted towards the top; the limb divided into 5 
seoments, often unequal, and sometimes lobed. Petals 5. Stamens numerous. 
Carpels several, 1-seeded, hairy, enclosed within the tube of the calyx, 
which becomes succulent when ripe, and sometimes slightly pulpy between 
the carpels, the whole forming a rather dry red or black berry. 
A well-marked genus, widely diffused over the northern hemisphere, in 
the new world as well as the old. It comprises a considerable number of 
true species; but several of them being of very ancient and universal culti- 
vation, and having been hybridized and multiplied with all the skill of 
modern horticulturists, their more or less marked races or varieties are 
now reckoned by thousands, Even in the wild state endeavours have been 
made to characterize so large a number of proposed species, that the con- 
fusion amongst them is almost as great as in the Brambles. The forms in- 
digenous to Britain appear to be reducible to five types, which are probably 
real species. It must, however, be admitted, that the characters separating 
them are not so decided as could be wished, ‘and that specimens will occa- 
sionally be found that the most experienced botanist will be at a loss to 
determine, and certainly not the less so if the number of British species 
be extended to 17, as proposed in the British Flora, or even 11, as in 
Babington’s Manual, in the former case founded on the careful obser- 
vations of the late Mr. Borrer. 
Prickles mostly straight, or very slightly curved, scarcely 
dilated at the base. 
Stem seldom above a foot high when wild. Leaflets 7 or 9, 
usually small, and simply toothed . 1. KR. pimpinellifolia, - 
Stem 2feet or more. Leaflets 5 or7, bps oe doubly toothed, 
downy on both sides . 2. BR. villosa. 
Prickles, at least the larger ones, more or less curved, and 
dilated at the base. 
Styles slightly protruding from the mouth of the calyx in a 
dense tuft, but not united. Stem scarcely trailing, 
Calyx-tube elobular, more or less prickly or bristly . stoner 
Calyx-tube ovoid or oblong, without prickles or bristles. 
Leaflets very glandular, doubly toothed . 3. RB. rubiginosa, 
Leaflets without glands, or with very few on the edges 
only, simply or rarely doubly toothed 4 
Styles united in a column, eros from the calyx. ‘Stem 
very trailing “ : A ° : . d. RB. arvensis, 
The most common etic roe in our cottage gardens are the Cabbage 
ftose and Moss Roses, varieties of the R. centifolia, of uncertain origin 
(perhaps not distinct from the R. gallica, from central and southern 
Europe); the Ayrshire Rose, a cultivated variety of the south European 
A. sempervirens ; and the China Roses, varieties of the Asiatic R. indica; 
but several other species from Europe, Asia, and North America, are also 
im general cultivation, and are among the parents of the numerous garden 
hybrids, 
1, ®. pimpinellifolia, Linn. (fig. 328). Burnet or Scotch Rose.— 
A small, erect, very much branched shrub, usually under a foot high 
when wild, and seldom above 2 feet in cultivation, usually armed with 
numerous unequal, mostly straight, rather slender prickles, often more or 
. BR. villosa. 
. R. canina, 
