152 THE G@NOTHERA FAMILY. [Epilobium. 
- tapering into a stalk at the base, and crowned by a calyx 2 or 8 lines long, 
divided below the middle into 4 reddish lobes. Petals pink, usually nearly — 
twice as long, but sometimes scarcely exceeding the calyx, always deeply — 
notched. Style divided at the top into 4 oblong, spreading, stigmatic lobes. 
Pod slender, 2 to 3 inches long. 
In waste and cultivated places, roadsides, woods, etc., throughout Europe 
and Russian and central Asia, and apparently in many other parts of the 
globe. Very abundant in Britain. /'l, summer. It varies much in the 
size of the flowers, which are in dry situations often nearly as small as in 
EH. roseum, from which it is then chiefly distinguished by the deeply-cleft 
stigma. [#. montanum has usually opposite leaves; the closely allied Z. 
lanceolatum, Sebast. and Maur., which occurs in some of the southern 
counties of England, has these mostly alternate. It is sometimes regarded 
as a variety of H. roseum. | 
5, E.roseum, Schreb. (fig. 345). Pale Hpilobe.—An erect plant, 
glabrous or hoary when young, much resembling at first sight a small- 
flowered H. montanum, but the leaves are narrower, on longer stalks, the 
lower ones generally opposite, with a raised line descending more or less 
along the stem from the junction of the leafstalk on each side, almost as in 
E. tetragonum. They vary from ovate-lanceolate to narrow-oblong, and 
from 1 to 3 inches in length. Flowers in a short, terminal, leafy, branched 
raceme or panicle; the limb of the calyx scarcely 2 lines long, and the 
notched petals not much longer. Buds erect or slightly nodding, the style 
ending in a club-shaped stigma, either entire or very shortly 4-lobed. Pods 
from 1 to 2 inches long. 
Along ditches, and in moist situations, in Europe and Russian Asia, but 
not so common as either the preceding or the following species, nor extend- 
ing so far to the north. Scattered over several parts of Britain, from 
Edinburgh southwards. It is often confounded with #. montanum or #. 
pareiflorum., Fl. summer. 
6, &.tetragonum, Linn. (fig. 346). Square Hpilobe.—Stems erect, 
often much branched, 1 to 2 feet high, glabrous or hoary with a very short 
down, and more or less angular from raised lines descending on each side 
from the margins of the leaves; the autumnal offsets often long and thread- 
like, with a fleshy bud at the extremity, more rarely short and scaly or 
leafy, as in #. montanum. Leaves sessile or nearly so, narrow, and toothed. 
Flowers small, in terminal leafy racemes, the buds erect, the petals deeply 
notched. Stigma entire and club-shaped. Pod often very long. 
In wet ditches and watery places, throughout Europe, Russian Asia, and 
a portion of North America, and extending to the Arctic Circle, and very 
nearly allied to a common Australian species. Common in Britain. J. 
summer. ['Two varieties of this are well marked— | 
a. Hi. tetragonum proper. Scions formed in autumn and bearing rosu- 
late leaves, leaves narrow shining above, capsule 2 to 4 inches long. 
b. EL. obscurum, Schreb. (Z. virgatum, Gren. and Godv.) Scions very 
slender found in summer with few opposite leaves, leaves broader opaque 
above, capsule 1 to 2 inches long. | 
7. &. palustre, Linn. (fig. 347). Marsh EHpilobe.—Very near 4#. 
alpinum, and by some believed to be a lowland form of it. It has the same — 
slender scions, entire or not much toothed leaves, short terminal racemes, 
