Cicuta. | XXXV. UMBELLIFERE. 18] 
only 1 or 2 small bracts; the partial involucre of many bracts, Calyx- 
teeth prominent above the ovary. Petals white, obcordate. Fruit short, 
laterally compressed ; each carpel nearly globular, with 5 scarcely promi- 
nent, broad, flat ribs, and single vittas under the furrows, 
A genus of very few species, spread over the northern hemisphere ; dis- 
tinguished among the short-fruited Umbellifere with single vittas, chiefly 
by the prominent teeth of the calyx. 
1, ©. virosa, Linn. (fig. 401). Water Cowbane, Cowbane, Water Hem- 
lock.—Stem hollow, somewhat branched, attaining 3 or 4 feet. Leaves twice 
or thrice pinnate or ternate, with narrow-lanceolate, acute segments, 1 to 1} 
inches long, bordered with a few unequal acute teeth. General umbels of 
from 10 to 15 or even more rays. SBracts of the partial involucres subulate, 
not quite so long as the pedicels. 
In wet ditches and on the edges of lakes, in northern and central Europe, 
Russian Asia, and northern America, disappearing in southern Europe. 
Very local in Britain, and never abundant, although occurring in several 
counties of England, [reland, and southern Scotland. £7. summer. 
VI. APIUM. APIUM. 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, mostly lateral and nearly sessile, 
without any general involucre, or only 2 or 3 small bracts; the partial 
involucres of several bracts or none. Petals entire, white, with a small 
inflected point; fruit short, slightly compressed laterally, without visible 
calycine teeth. Carpels ovoid, with 5 slender ribs, and single vittas under 
the furrows; the axis or carpophore free and entire, and shortly split at 
the to 
In the general revision of Umbellifere which has taken place since the 
previous editions of this Handbook, the genus Apium has been extended so 
as to include Helosciadium, and is now a fairly natural genus, generally 
spread over the greater part of the globe. 
No partial involucres. Leaves with 3 to 5 broad crenate or doped 
segments - ° : : » IL. A. graveolens. 
‘Partial involucres of several bracts. 
Leaves of several pairs of ovate or rate toothed segments. 
Rays of the umbel about 5 or 6 2. A. nodifiorum., 
Leaf-segment few, usually lobed or divided. "-Rays of the umbel 
about 3or4 . * : ° . 3. A. inundatum. 
1. 4. graveolens, Linn. (fig. 402). Cotes Mii Celery.—In its 
wild state not a stout plant ; quite glabrous; 1 to 2 feet high. Leaves pin- 
nate, with 3 or 5 distinct broad segments, crenate or 3-lobed, from 6 to 9 
lines long, the upper leaves very small. Umbels small, nearly sessile on the 
upper branches opposite the leaves, or on very short terminal peduncles 
seldom 2 lines above the last leaves; divided into from 3 to 6 rays, and 
bearing numerous small flowers, on short pedicels. Fruits very small, the 
vittas often very indistinct. 
In marshy places near the sea, on the coasts of Europe, Africa, western 
Asia, and America, but not in high northern latitudes. In Britain it 
extends as far north as the middle counties of Scotland, and is occasionally 
found inland, but then mostly escaped from cultivation. Fl.summer. The 
Celery of our gardens is a cultivated variety, in which the leafstalk and base 
of the stem acquire a considerable size. 
