Bupleurum. | XXXV. UMBELLIFER®. 189 
southern maritime counties of England, and occasionally also found inland, 
but neither in Ireland nor Scotland. 7. late in summer. 
4, B.faleatum, Linn. (fig. 420). Palcate Buplever._Stems stiff and 
erect, slightly branched, 1 to 3 feet high, forming at the base a short 
perennial stock. Leaves linear, ribbed underneath, the radical ones often 
stalked and rather broader. Umbels terminal and compound, of 4 to 8 
rays; the general involucre of 3 or 4 oblong or lanceolate bracts, very much 
shorter than the rays; those of the partial involucres also lanceolate, of a 
yellowish green, scarcely as long as the flowers. 
In open woods, bushy wastes, and heaths, abundant in the hilly dis- 
tricts of central and southern Europe, and in central and temperate Russian 
Asia, but scarcely further to the north than southern Belgium. In Britain 
only on Norton Heath, near Ongar, in Essex, and in Surrey. It is con- 
sidered to be a doubtful native. Fl. August. 
es a 
XIV. NANTHE. CNANTH. 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with partial and sometimes also 
general involucres, of several small, narrow bracts. Flowers of the circum- 
ference usually barren and with larger petals; the fertile ones in the centre 
sessile, or on very short, often thickened pedicels. Petals notched, with an 
inflected point. Fruits from ovate to narrow-oblong, crowned with the 5 
small calycine teeth. Carpels somewhat corky, with 5 obtusely convex ribs, 
and single vittas under the furrows. 
A rather natural genus, spread over Europe, Asia, and North America, 
most of the species frequenting wet meadows, and marshes, or even growing 
in water. 
Segments of the upper leaves few, long and linear. 
Stems very hollow. Central umbel fertile, of 3rays; those 
of the branches barren, of severalrays . C P - 
Stems nearly solid. All the umbels of several rays, with 
fertile and barren flowers . : : : : : . 
Segments of the stem-leaves numerous, broadly cuneate, or 
short and oblong. 
Umbels terminal and large. Segments of the leaves at 
least half an inch long : é : ‘ F : . 3. G&. crocata. 
Umbels mostly opposite to theleaves. lLeaf-segments small 4. @. Phellandrium. 
1. &. fistulosa, Linn. (fig. 421). Common Cinanth, Water Dropwort. 
—Stock (probably the offset of the previous autumn) emitting creeping 
runners, with a cluster of fibrous roots, usually more or less thickened into 
oblong tubers. Stems thick and very hollow, erect, 2 to 3 feet high, and 
slightly branched. Radical leaves twice pinnate, with small cuneate seg- 
ments divided into 3 or 5 lobes; those of the stem have long stalks, hollow 
like the stems, and bear only in their upper extremity a few pinnate seg- 
ments with linear lobes. Umbels terminal, the central one on the stem 
has only 3 rays, each with numerous sessile fertile flowers, and few or no 
pedicellate barren ones; those which terminate the branches have usually 
5 rays, their flowers all pedicellate and barren. Partial involucres of a few 
small narrow bracts, the general one either entirely wanting or reduced to 
a single bract. Fruits in compact globular heads, each one fully 2 lines 
long, narrowed at the base, and crowned by the stiff, narrow teeth of the 
calyx, and the still longer, rigid styles, 
1. @. jfistulosa. 
2. Gf. pimpinelloides. 
