194 THE UMBELLATE FAMILY, [ Meum. 
rays, with one or two narrow bracts to the general one, and partial invo- 
lucres of a small number of short, slender bracts. Fruits about 4 lines long. 
In mountain pastures, in western and central Europe, not extending 
eastward beyond the Russian frontier, nor northward into Scandinavia. 
Not unfrequent in the Scotch Highlands, in northern England and North 
Wales, but not recorded from Ireland. £7. summer. 
XXI. CRITHMUM. SAMPHIRE. 
Leaves succulent, dissected. Umbels compound, with general and par 
tial involucres. Petals entire. Fruit ovoid, not compressed, without dis< — 
tinct calycine teeth. Carpels of a thick, succulent or somewhat corky 
consistence, with 5 acute ribs becoming prominent when dry, but not 
winged; the vittas numerous, slender, and irregular. Seeds loose in the 
cavity, with numerous fine vittas on the outside. : 
A single species, very different from any other British Umbellifera, but 
closely allied to the large Mediterranean and Asiatic genus Cachrys, with — 
which some botanists unite it. 
1. C. maritimum, Linn. (fig. 431.) Sea Samphire.—A perfectly 
glabrous perennial, seldom above a foot high, almost woody at the base ; 
the young branches, foliage, and umbels, thick and fleshy. Leaves twice 
or thrice ternate, with thick linear segments about an inch long. Umbels 
of 15 to 20 or even more rays. Involucres of several small linear or lan- 
ceolate bracts. Petals very minute, and soon disappearing. Fruits about 
3 lines long. | | 
In clefts of rocks, close to the sea, on the western coast of Enrope and 
northern Africa, and extending along the Mediterranean to the Black Sea. 
Abundant in southern and western England and southern Ireland, but 
becomes rare in northern England, and in Scotland confined to Ayrshire. 
fl, summer, i 
XXII. ANGELICA. ANGELICA. 
Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with partial involucres of several 
bracts. Petals white, entire. Fruit flattened from front to back ; the car- 
pels broad, with 3 ribs on the back, the edges expanded into wings, those — 
of the two carpels distinct before they separate, so that the fruit is sur- 
rounded by a double wing. 
A genus of few species, dispersed over Europe, Asia, and North America, 
distinguished from all other British Umbellifere by the double wing round 
the fruit. , | 
1. 4. sylvestris, Linn. (fig. 432). Wild Angelica.—A tall, stout, 
branching perennial, attaining 3 or 4 feet in height, with thick stems, 
slightly downy in the upper part. Lower leaves large, twice pinnate, with 
ovate-lanceolate segments, often about 2 inches long, sharply toothed, and 
sometimes 3-lobed ; the upper leaves shorter stalked, with fewer segments, 
those under the peduncles often reduced to a broad sheath, with a few small 
segments at the top. Umbels large, terminal, those of the main stems — 
often with 30 or 40 rays. General involucre of 2 or 3 linear bracts; partial 
ones of several fine, short bracts. | 
In moist woods and marshy places, especially near streams, throughout — 
