Js al a 
208 THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY, [ Adoa. 
more nearly allied to them than to Araliacee@, among which it has until 
recently been classed. 
1, A. Moschatellina, Linn. (fig. 459). Zuberous Moscatel.—A 
low, glabrous herb, of a light green colour in all its parts; the root- 
stock covered with a few thick scales the remains of old leafstalks, and 
emitting creeping, half-underground runners. Radical leaves stalked, once, 
twice, or even three times ternate, with broad, deeply 3-lobed segments. ~ 
Flower-stems radical, from 4 to 6 inches high, with a single pair of leaves 
on short stalks, and but once ternate. Flowers pale green, in a little glo- 
bular head at the top of the stems, containing usually 5; the terminal one 
with 2 divisions to the calyx, and 4 to the corolla, and 8 stamens; whilst 
the 4 lateral flowers have three divisions to the calyx, and 5 to the corolla, 
with 10 stamens; but these numbers are not quite constant. Berry green 
and fleshy, most frequently containing but a single seed. 
On moist, shady banks, in woods and other shady places, especially in 
hilly districts, in northern and central Europe, Russian Asia, and a part 
of North America, extending far into the Arctic regions, and ascending to 
the highest Alpine summits. In southern Europe, chiefiy confined to 
mountains. Common in Great Britain, rarer in Ireland. Fl. spring. 
II. SAMBUCUS. ELDER. 
Trees, shrubs, or tall herbs, with opposite pinnate leaves, and large flat 
cymes or corymbs of numerous, rather small, white flowers. Calyx with a 
border of 5 small teeth. Corolla with a very short tube, and 5 spreading 
divisions, so as to appear rotate. Stamens 5, inserted at the base of the 
corolla. Stigma sessile, 3- to 5-lobed. Fruit a berry, or, strictly speaking, 
a berry-like drupe, with 8, rarely 4, seed-like stones, each containing a 
single seed. 
The genus consists of but few species, spread over Europe, temperate 
Asia, North America, and Australia, and is the only one in the family with 
pinnate leaves. 
Tree, Leaflets ovate without stipular lobes . j 
Herb. Leaflets lanceolate, the lowest short, broad, and close to the 
stem, representing stipules ; : ; E ; : : 
1. S. nigra. 
2. 8. Ebulus. 
The 8S. racemosa, or red-berried H/der, common in our shrubberies, is a 
native of the mountains of continental Europe. 
1. S. nigra, Linn. (fig. 460). -Common Klder.—A small tree, or shrub, 
with the stem and branches full of pith. Leaf-segments 5 to 7, ovate, 
pointed, 2 to 3 inches long, regularly and sharply toothed, and nearly 
glabrous. Corymbs, 5 or 6 inches broad, several times branched, the first 
time into 4 or 5, but the branches less numerous at each subsequent divi- 
sion. The bracts very minute. Flowers white or cream coloured. Fruits 
black. ) 
In woods, coppices, and waste places, common in central and southern 
Europe to the Caucasus, and extending itself readily from cultivation 
further northward. Appears to be truly indigenous in England and Ire- 
land, but only introduced into Scotland. Fl. summer, rather early. A 
garden variety has deeply and finely-cut segments to the leaves. 
2, S. Ebulus, Linn. (fig.461). Dwarf Hider, Danewort.—Stock short 
