Erigeron.| XLIII, COMPOSITA. 229 
Otiter florets almost filiform, not projecting beyond the involucre. 
Heads very numerous, and small 3. EL. canadensis. 
“perintl florets (Some or all) forming a shortly projecting coloured 
ray. 
Annual or biennial. Flower-heads several, on rather long 
peduncles. Ray erect, very little longer than the disk . 1. #. acris. 
Perennial. Flower-heads solitary or very aie Hay ihihiere 
considerably longer than the disk . . 2. EF. alpinus. 
Several large*flowered American species are occasionally cultivated in our 
flower-gardens. 
1. EB. acris, Linn. (fig. 498). Common Erigeron, F'leabane.—An erect 
_ annual or biennial, 6 inches to a foot high, slightly branched, and rather 
rough with short hairs. Leaves linear or lanceolate and entire, the radical 
ones stalked, but usually withered away at the time of flowering. Flower- 
heads rather small, solitary on the peduncles or upper branches, forming a 
short, loose panicle. Florets very numerous, mostly filiform and short, the 
outer rows of a pale purple, projecting slightly beyond the involucre and 
pappus, the tubular ones of the centre very few, of a pale yellow. 
In pastures, on banks, roadsides, and waste places, common in the greater 
part of Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic regions, and in central 
and Russian Asia. Less frequent in England and Ireland, and rare in 
Scotland. 7. summer and autumn. It varies much in stature, in the 
number and size of the flower-heads, and of the florets of the ray, but 
these are always smaller and more numerous than in #, alpinus, much 
larger and fewer than in FZ, canadensis. 
2. &. alpinus, Linn. (fig. 499). Alpine Hrigeron.—Stock perennial, 
with erect or ascending hairy stems, 2 to 6 orrarely 8 inches high. Radical 
leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering at the base; stem-leaves smaller, few, 
and lanceolate. Flower-heads solitary on each stem, or rarely 2 or 3 in a 
loose corymb, each one at least half an inch in diameter; the florets like 
those of H. acris, except that the outer pink or purplish ones are longer, 
more decidedly ligulate, forming a distinct spreading ray. LH. uniflorus, 
Sm. 
In mountain pastures, in northern Europe, Asia, and America, to the 
Arctic regions, and in the higher mountain-ranges further south. In 
Britain, confined to some of the eastern high mountains of Scotland. 7. 
summer, rather late. 
3. B.canadensis, Linn. (fig. 500). Canadian Hrigeron.—A stiff, 
erect annual, 1 to 2 feet high, glabrous, except a few long, spreading hairs. 
Leaves narrow, and entire or slightly toothed. Flower-heads very small 
and nunierous, "forming a long, narrow, leafy panicle. Florets minute, the 
outer ones filiform, scarcely longer than the involucre, white or slightly 
tinged with red ; central ones tubular, yellowish-white. 
A native of North America, now established in the greatest abundance 
as a roadside weed in almost all temperate and hot countries, and appears 
occasionally as such in England. #7. summer and autumn. 
= Se 
IV. SOLIDAGO. GOLDENROD. 
Herbs, usually tall, perennial, and leafy, with numerous rather small, 
yellow, radiate flower-heads. Involucres imbricate, in few rows. Recep- 
tacle without scales, Outer florets ligulate and few, inner ones tubular, all 
