234 THE COMPOSITE FAMILY. [ Antennaria. 
narrow, white at the tips, but not spreading, and the florets all filiform, 
with a long protruding pappus to the achenes. 
In mountain pastures, common in northern Europe, Asia, and America, 
to the Arctic regions, and in the great mountain-ranges of central and 
southern Europe and Russian Asia. Abundant in Scotland, Wales, Ireland, 
and many parts of England, descending occasionally nearly to the coast 
level. #7. summer, rather early. 
2, A.margaritacea, Br. (fig. 511). Pearl Antennaria.—An erect 
perennial, 2 to 3 feet high. Leaves linear-lanceolate, white and cottony 
underneath or on both sides. Flower-heads numerous, in flat terminal 
corymbs, usually dicecious, but less absolutely so than in A. dioica; the 
involucres of both kinds with several rows of very white, broad, loose, or 
spreading bracts. 
A North American and central Asiatic "plant, long cultivated among our 
garden Hverlastings, and now apparently naturalized in a few localities in 
Monmouthshire and in South Wales, Scotland, and the Channel Islands. 
fl. end of summer. 
IX. INULA. INULE. 
Herbs, usually erect, with alternate, entire or toothed leaves. Flower- 
heads in terminal corymbs or panicles, or rarely solitary. Involucral 
bracts imbricated in several rows. Florets all yellow, the outer rows ligu- 
late and radiating, or rarely short and concealed by the involucre; those of 
the disk tubular. Receptacle without scales. Achenes cylindrical or an- 
gular, witha pappus of many hairs. Anthers tipped at the lower end by 
two minute hair-like points called fazls. 
A numerous European and north Asiatic genus, technically distinguished 
from Solidago by the tails of the anthers; but these, though constant, are 
so minute as not to be seen without a careful dissection and good magnifier. 
The florets of the ray are also very numerous and narrow in Jnula, much 
fewer and broader in Solidago. 
Rays considerably longer than the involucre. 
Leaves flat, ovate, oblong, or lanceolate. 
Flower-heads very large, with broadly ovate involucral bracts 1. J. iiclengms 
Flower-heads less than an inch diameter without the rays. 
Glabrous or nearly so. Involucral bracts oe ciliate 2. I. salicina. 
Downy plant. Involucral bracts narrow . 5. ZT. dysenterica. 
Leaves narrow, thick, succulent. Plant glabrous. ’ Flower- heads 
notlarge . oo 6 crithmoides. 
Rays very minute, concealed by the involucre, or scarcely longer. 
Tall perennial. ‘Flower-heads ovoid, in dense corymbs . 4, I, Conyza. 
Annual, scarcely a foot high. Flower-heads broad, softly downy, 
in alooseleafycorymb . , , . . . . 6. I. Pulicaria. 
1, I. Helenium, Linn. (fig. 512). Hlecampane Inule, Hlecampane. 
—A coarse perennial, with stout, erect, scarcely branched stems, about 2 
feet high. Radical leaves often a foot long, oblong, and narrowed into a 
stalk ; the upper ones ovate or oblong, clasping the stem, nearly glabrous 
above, more or less softly hairy underneath. Flower-heads very large, 
solitary at the ends of the branches. Involucral bracts broadly ovate and 
softly hairy. Florets of the ray numerous, long, and linear. 
In rich hilly pastures, in central and southern Europe, and eastward to 
the Caucasus and Himalaya, and, having been much cultivated in former 
