Inula.) XLIII, COMPOSITE. 235 
days in herb-gardens, it has established itself in many places further north. 
It may therefore be only an introduced plant in Britain, when growing, as 
it generally does, in the neighbourhood of old castles and gardens; but is 
also believed to be truly indigenous in Yorkshire, in some parts of 
southern England, South Wales, and Ireland. 7. summer and autumn. 
2. Z. salicina, Linn. (fig. 513). Willow-leaved Inule.—Rootstock 
perennial, with erect stems, scarcely branched, 1 to 2 feet high, the whole 
plant glabrous or sprinkled with a few hairs especially on the under side 
_ of the leaves. Leaves oblong or lanceolate, acute, entire or bordered with 
small sharp teeth, clasping the stem with rounded auricles. Flower- 
heads terminal, solitary or rarely 3 to 5 ina terminal corymb. Involucre 
hemispherical, about 3 inch diameter; the bracts narrow, ciliate. Florets 
of the ray numerous, narrow, spreading, yellow. 
In moist pastures and along ditches in the outskirts of woods; widely 
spread over the Continent of Europe, and sometimes common, extending 
northwards to a few localities in Sweden. In Britain, found only 
on the margins of Lough Derg, in Galway. Fl. summer. 
3. £. crithmoides, Linn. (fig. 514). Samphire Inule, Golden Sam- 
phire.—A glabrous, erect perennial, about a foot high or rather more. 
Leaves numerous, linear, thick and succulent, entire or with one or two 
small teeth at the base. Flower-heads not large, solitary on the short 
branches of a short, leafy panicle. Involucral bracts numerous and 
narrow. Florets of the ray bright-yellow and spreading, not so narrow or 
so numerous as in the other species, yet twice as many as in Solidago 
Virga-aurea, 
In salt-marshes, in western Europe, and all round the Mediterranean ; 
frequent on the southern and western coasts of Britain up to Kirkcudbright 
and Wigton, and in the east to Essex, both in salt-marshes and on dry 
maritime limestone rocks, south-east of Ireland. 2. summer and autumn. 
4, I. Conyza, DC. (fig.515). Rigid Inule, Ploughman’s Spikenard.— 
A hard, erect biennial, 2 to 3 feet high, covered with a short down, rough 
on the stem, soft and cottony on the under side of the leaves. Leaves ovate- 
lanceolate, the lower ones stalked, the upper sessile. | Flower-heads 
numerous, in a terminal corymb. Involucres ovoid; the bracts numerous, 
the outer ones tipped with green, the inner linear, reddish, and 
erect. Outer florets numerous but very small, their purple styles alone 
protruding beyond the involucre, so that the plant appears at first sight 
to have no ray. 
In hedges and open woods, on banks and roadsides, in central and 
southern Europe to the Caucasus, extending northwards into Denmark, 
but not into north-eastern Germany. In Britain, as far north as York and 
Westmoreland, but neither in Ireland nor Scotland. 7. summer and 
autumn. 
5. I.dysenterica, Linn. (fig. 516). Common Inule, Fleabane.— 
Rootstock perennial, with ascending or erect stems 1 to 2 feet high, loosely 
branched, and, as well as the foliage, more or less downy or woolly. 
Leaves oblong, much waved, clasping the stem with rounded auricles. 
Flower-heads pedunculate in the upper axils or at the ends of the branches, 
hemispherical, rather more than half an inch in diameter, with a ray of 
very numerous, linear, spreading florets of a bright yellow. Involucral 
