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238 THE COMPOSITE FAMILY. [ Chrysanthemum. 
to a north African species (C. coronarium). The late autumnal flowers - 
now so generally cultivated under the name of Chrysanthemums, are — 
varities of the C. indicum from China. 
1, C. Leucanthemum, Linn. (fig. 521). Oreye Chrysanthemum, Oxeye 
Daisy.—A perennial, with erect, simple, or slightly branched stems, 1 to 2 feet 
high, glabrous or slightly downy. Radical leaves obovate and coarsely 
toothed, on long stalks; stem-leaves narrow, sessile, with a few coarse 
teeth. Flower-heads solitary on long terminal peduncles, and rather large. 
Involucral bracts bordered by a brown, scarious edge. Florets of the ray 
white, more than half an inch long; those of the disk numerous, small, and 
yellow. 
In pastures, on banks, etc., throughout Europe and Russian Asia, from 
the Mediterranean to the Arctic Circle. Extends all over Britain. 7. 
summer, commencing in spring. 
2, ©. segetum, Linn. (fig. 522). Corn Chrysanthemum, Corn Mary- 
gold.—A glabrous, erect annual, about a foot high, or rather more, with 
spreading branches. Lower leaves obovate and stalked; upper ones 
narrow and stem-clasping, generally with a few deeply cut teeth at the 
top. Flower-heads rather large, on terminal peduncles; the involucral 
bracts broadly scarious; the florets of the ray, as well as the disk, of a 
deep golden-yellow. 
A cornfield weed, probably of Mediterranean origin, but now common 
all over Europe, except the extreme north. Abundant in Britain. 7. 
summer and autumn. 
3. ©. Parthenium, Pers. (fig.523). Heverfew Chrysanthemum.—Stock 
perennial, shortly branched ; the flowering stems erect, branching, a foot high 
or rather more. Leaves pinnate; thesegments ovate or oblong, pinnatifid and 
toothed. Flower-heads numerous, about halfan inch in diameter, in a terminal 
corymb; the florets of the ray white, ovate or oblong, those of the disk 
numerous and yellow. Achenes crowned by a minute toothed border. 
Matricaria Parthenium, Linn., Pyrethrum Parthenium, Sm. 
On roadsides and in waste places, in central and southern Europe to the 
Caucasus, and spread from cultivation much further north, as well as to 
many other parts of the globe. Dispersed over a great part of Britain, but 
perhaps not truly indigenous; absent from Ireland. Fl. summer. A very 
double variety is now frequent in our flower-gardens. 
XIII. MATRICARIA. MATRICARY. 
Habit, foliage, and usually the conical or very convex receptacle of 
Anthemis, but the receptacle without scales as in Chrysanthemum, Achenes 
3- or 5-ribbed on the inner face only, smooth on the back, without pappus, 
but sometimes crowned with a minute entire or 4-toothed border, and often 
bearing near the top two prominent glandular spots. 
A small European, northern Asiatic and North American genus. 
Receptacle at first nearly flat, at length ovoid. Achenes 5-ribbed 
on the inner face : » ; Z 3 é : E . Ll. M. inodora, 
Receptacle conical from the first. Achenes 3-ribbed on the inner 
ace : ; 2 d . ; Cane . 2. M, Chamomilla. 
1. M.inodora, Linn. (fig. 524).  Scentless Matricary.—An erect 
or spreading, branched annual, 1 to 13 feet high, with the leaves of 
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