Hypocheris. | XLII. COMPOSITE, 261 
XXXIII. HYPOCHGRIS. HYPOCHERE. 
Annuals or perennials, with the habit and pappus of Leontodon, but more 
frequently branched ; the involucres rather more imbricated, and there are 
a few chaffy scales on the receptacle between the florets, at least among the 
inner ones. 
More numerous in species than Leontodon, it has also a wider geo- 
graphical range, extending over Europe, Russian Asia, North America, and 
western and southern South America. 
Involucres oblong, nearly glabrous. 
Florets scarcely longer than the involucres. Outer achenes 
without a beak . 1, HZ. glabra. 
Florets longer than the involucres. All the achenes ending 
in a slender beak é . 2 H, radicata. 
Involucres large, hemispherical, ‘and hairy ; 5 ; . od H. maculata. 
1. H. glabra, Linn. (fig. 583). Glabrous Hypochere.—Much re- 
sembles A. radicata, but is a smaller plant, with an annual root, and quite 
glabrous ; the stems seldom attain a foot in height, with much smaller 
flower-heads, although the involucres become much elongated after flower- 
ing. The achenes are similarly wrinkled, and have the same feathery 
pappus, which however is sessile on the achenes of the outer florets, whilst 
on the central ones it is supported on a slender beak, as in H. radicata. 
Although generally spread over central and southern Europe, and natu- 
ralized even in distant temperaté climates, it is much less common than H, 
radicata, growing chiefly in sandy situations. Thinly scattered over 
England, the Scottish stations are still fewer, and not recorded from Ire- 
land, #7, summer. 
2. H. radicata, Linn. (fig. 584). Long-rooted Hypochere, Cat’s- 
ear.—Rootstock perennial. Leaves all radical, spreading, narrow, more or 
less toothed or pinnately lobed, hispid on both sides with stiffhairs. Stems 
erect and leafless, 1 to 2 feet high, usually divided like Leontodon autumnale 
into two or three long branches or peduncles, slightly thickened upwards, 
each bearing a few small scales, and terminated by a rather large headof 
flowers. Involucres near an inch long, narrow but somewhat thickened at 
the base; the bracts imbricated in several rows, the outer ones smaller, all 
glabrous, or with a few short hairs on the back. Scales of the receptacle 
long, narrow, and finely pointed. Achenes transversely wrinkled, all 
narrowed into a long slender beak with a feathery pappus. 
In meadows, pastures, and waste places, throughout Europe, except the 
extreme north, but scarcely extends into Asia. Abundant in Britain, ex- 
tending far into the north of Scotland. FU. summer and autumn. 
3. H. maculata, Linn. (fig. 585). Spotted Hypochere.—Rootstock 
perennial. ° Leaves all or mostly radical, spreading, broadly obovate, or 
rarely oblong, coarsely toothed or nearly entire, hairy on both sides, and 
often spotted. Flower-stem erect, 1 to 2 feet high, usually simple, but 
occasionally bearing a small leaf near the base, and terminated by a single 
large flower-head ; the involucre broad and hairy. The stem is rarely 
forked, with two flower-heads, 
In open pastures, and meadows, widely spread over Europe and Russian 
Asia, chiefly in mountain districts, although not an Arctic plant. Rare in 
