266 THE COMPOSITE FAMILY. —— [Crepis. 
Leaves mostly entire. Achenes with about 20 ribs or stris . 5. O. hieracioides, 
Leaves mostly toothed. Achenes with 10 ribs or striez.. . 6. C. paludosa,. 
The pink Hawkweed, formerly much cultivated in flower-gardens, is a 
species of Crepis from south-eastern Europe; C. setosa, Haller, which has 
the long-beaked achenes of C. taraxacifolia, but is covered with stiff, 
spreading hairs, is a south-east European plant, which has occasionally 
appeared in Britain asa weed of cultivation. 
1, C. taraxacifolia, Thuil. (fig. 594). Beaked Crepis,—Much re- 
sembles some forms of C. biennis, but easily known by the pappus. Leaves 
chiefly radical and pinnatifid, with a large, terminal, coarsely toothed lobe, 
and small ones along the stalk. Stems erect, 1 to 2 feet high, bearing a 
few small, narrow leaves. Flower-heads smaller than in C. Setida, forming 
a loose, terminal, flat corymb. Involucres scarcely hairy, the outer bracts — 
much shorter than the inner ones, lanceolate, and more or less membranous 
and whitish on the edges. Achenes all terminated by a slender beak about 
the length of the achene itself. Barkhausia taraxacifolia, Mceench. 
In rather dry pastures and wet places, in central and especially southern 
Europe, and eastward to the Caucasus, not extending into northern Ger- 
many. In Britain, chiefly in limestone districts of southern England but 
extending to Yorkshire ; rather more frequent than C. fetida, but appears 
to have been frequently confounded with that plant or with C. bdiennis. 
Fl. summer. 
2, ©. foetida, Linn. (fiy. 595). Fetid Crepis—A slight hairy annual 
or biennial, seldom a foot high, with a few spreading branches: Kadical 
leaves irregularly pinnatifid, with short lobes, the terminal ones varying 
from broadly triangular to narrow-oblong; the stem-leaves narrow, the 
lower slightly pinnatifid, the upper entire or toothed. Flower-heads 
few, on long peduncles, usually recurved after flowering. Involucres hairy, 
the outer bracts small, and very narrow. The beak of the outer achenes is 
very short, often scarcely distinct, whilst that of the inner ones is long and 
slender, carrying up the whcle pappus above the tips of the involucral 
bracts. Barkhausia fetida, Meench. 
In rather dry pastures, and waste places, in southern Europe to the 
Caucasus, becomes rare farther north. In Britain only in some of the 
southern and eastern counties of England. FU. summer. 
3. C. virens, Linn. (fig. 596). Smooth Crepis.—An erect or ascending, 
branched annual or biennial, from 1 to 3 feet high, usually glabrous or 
nearly so. Leaves linear or lanceolate, toothed or pinnatifid, with triangular 
or narrow, but short lobes; the radical ones stalked, the upper ones clasping 
the stem by pointed, spreading auricles. Flower-heads small, in loose, 
often leafy panicles. Involucres often slightly hispid, and become conical 
after flowering ; the outer bracts narrow-linear, and rather close. Achenes 
narrow-oblong, very slightly contracted at the top, but not beaked, and 
generally shorter than the pappus, although there are frequently in the 
same head a few much longer than the rest, and longer than their own 
pappus. 
In pastures, on dry banks, roadsides, and waste places, throughout 
western and central Europe, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean ; fur- 
ther east apparently replaced by C. tectorum. One of the commonest of — 
the British Ligulate. Fl. thewhole summer and autumn. It varies much 
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