Mieracium. | XLII. COMPOSITH. 271 
umbellatum, and especially as H. murorum. Fl. late summer, and autumn. 
[This, the H. sabaudum, Smith, is regarded by most botanists, though 
not by Bentham, as different from the continental (Linnzan) sabaudum, 
and is the H. boreale of Fries. | 
7, H. prenanthoides, Vill. (fig.606). Prenanth Hawkweed.—Very 
near H. sabaudum, but the stem-leaves are usually long, lanceolate, and 
slightly narrowed near the base, and always clasp the stem by rounded 
auricles, and even the stalks of the lower leaves are expanded at the base 
into the same stem-clasping auricles. The involucres and peduncles have 
usually more of the short, black, glandular hairs, intermingled with the 
minute down than either H. sabaudum or H. umbellatum. 
In woods, shady places, and rich pastures, and on the banks of streams, 
in northern Europe and the mountain districts of central Europe, and north 
and west Asia, and the Himalayas. Rare in the Highlands of Scotland, 
and in Wicklow county in Ireland, very doubtfully extending into England. 
Fl. late summer, or autumn. 
ae 
XXXIX,. CICHORIUM. CHICORY. 
Perennials, with the leaves mostly radical, stiff branching stems, and 
sessile heads of blue flowers. Involucres oblong. Achenes crowned by a 
ring of minute erect scales. 
Besides the British species, the genus only inciudes the garden Hndive, 
generally supposed to be a native of India, bat it is very doubtful if it be 
wild even there, and it may be a mere cultivated variety of the common C. 
Intybus. 
1, C.Intybus, Linn. (fig. 607). Wild Chicory, Succory or Chicory. 
—Perennial stock descending into a long tap-root. Stems more or less 
hispid, 1 to 2 or even 3 feet high. Radical leaves spreading on the ground, 
and, as well as the lower stem-leaves, more or less hairy and pinnatifid, 
with a large terminal lobe and smaller lateral ones, all pointed and 
coarsely toothed; the upper leaves.small, less cut, embracing the stem by 
pointed auricles. Flower-heads in closely sessile clusters of 2 or 3 along 
the stiff spreading branches, and 1 or 2 terminal ones. Involucres of about 
8 inner bracts and a few outer ones about half their length; the florets 
large, of a bright blue. Achenes smooth or scarcely ribbed, closely packed 
in the hard dry base of the involucre. 
In dry wastes, on roadsides, and borders of fields, over the greater part of 
Europe and Asia, stopping only short of the Arctic regions on the one side, 
and the tropics on the other. Not uncommon in some parts of England and 
Ireland, but rare in Scotland. #7. summer and autumn. 
XL. ARNOSERIS. ARNOSERIS. 
A single species, distinguished as a genus from Lapsana, as having a | 
different habit; and the achenes crowned with a minute raised border; and 
more naturally associated by older botanists with Hyoseris, a Continental 
genus, in which the achenes have a pappus of chaffy scales or bristles. 
1. A. pusilla, Gertn. (fig. 608). Dwarf Arnoseris, Lamb’s or Swine’s 
Succory.—Leaves all radical, obovate or oblong, toothed, and glabrous or 
