308 THE CONVOLVULUS FAMILY. [ Cuscuta. 
stems, in Europe and the temperate parts of Asia, Not very abundant in 
England, nor found north of York, nor in Ireland. Fl. swmmer. 
2. C. Epilinum, Weihe. (fig. 688). Flax Dodder.—Differs slightly 
from C. europea in its flowers rather larger and more succulent but 
fewer in number, the calyx rather longer, the corolla-tube globular even 
when young, and the lobes still shorter in proportion. 
Said to grow exclusively on flax, in Europe and Russian Asia, and in- 
troduced into Britain with the cultivation of that plant. 
3. C. Epithymum, Linn. (fig.689). Lesser Dodder.—The threadlike 
stems are much finer than in C. europea; the heads of flowers small, 
globular, and very compact. Flowers often considerably less than a line in 
diameter, and very seldom attaining that size; the calyx smaller in pro- 
portion ; the lobes of the corolla pointed, spreading, and about as long as 
the tube; the scales of the inside more prominent, almost closing the tube, 
and the style and stamens usually slightly protruding, though shorter than 
the lobes. 
In open, sunny situations, chiefly on Thyme, Heath, and other small 
shrubby plants, in Europe and temperate Asia. More frequent in England 
than C. europea, and extending into southern Scotland, but unknown in © 
Ireland. Fl. summer. C. Trifolii, Bab., is a variety found in clover 
flelds, with smaller distant scales on the corolla. 
LIW. BORAGINEA. THE BORAGE FAMILY. 
Herbs, usually rough with coarse hairs (rarely shrubs or 
even trees, in some exotic genera), with alternate, simple, 
usually entire leaves; the flowers in one-sided spikes or ra- 
cemes, rolled back when young, and usually forked or dicho- 
tomous. Calyx of 5 divisions or teeth. Corolla regular or 
slightly irregular, monopetalous, with a 5-cleft limb. Stamens 
5, inserted in the tube of the corolla, and alternating with its 
divisions. Ovary deeply 4-lobed (or, in some exotic genera, | 
2-lobed), with a simple style inserted between the lobes. Fruit 
consisting of as many small, 1-seeded nuts, having the ap- 
pearance of seeds, and inclosed within or surrounded by the 
calyx. | 
A numerous family in the northern hemisphere, with a few representa- 
tives in the tropics or in the southern hemisphere ; easily distinguished by 
the 4 seed-like nuts from all but Labiate, and from these by theiralternate ~ 
leaves and more regular flowers. 
Tube pt the corolla open, without any scales or valves at its 
orifice. 
Stamens protruding beyond the corolla. 
Corolla oblique and more or less irregular, with erect or 
scarcely spreading lobes : 1, Ecu1vm. 
Corolla regular, with a straight tuhe and spreading limb. 3. Mrnrensta. 
Stamens included in the tube of the corolla. 
Calyx tubular, the lobes not reaching to the middle. . 2 PULMONARTA. 
Calyx divided ‘to the base. Nuts very hard ° . . 4. LITHOSPERMUM, 
