9 
316 THE BORAGE FAMILY. [ Asperugo. 
X. ASPERUGO. ASPERUGO. Bey Si 
A single species, allied to Anchusa, but universally admitted as a genus 4 
on account of the peculiar calyx and habit. 
1, A. procumbens, Linn. (fig. 708). German Asperugo, Madwort.— 
A weak procumbent annual, rough with short, stiff, almost prickly hairs, 
many of them curved or hooked so as to be very adhesive, Leaves oblong 
or lanceolate, narrowed at the base, the lower ones stalked, those under the 
flowers often nearly opposite. Flowers small and blue, 1 to 3 together in 
the axils of the upper leaves, on very short, recurved pedicels. The broadly 
campanulate calyx enlarges immediately after flowering, becomes much 
flattened, veined, and divided to the middle into 5 lanceolate lobes, with 
1 or 2 small ones between each. Corolla that of a very small Anchusa. 
Nuts ovoid, with a granulated surface. 
In cultivated and waste places, over nearly the whole of Europe and 
northern Asia short of the Arctic Circle. Occurs as a weed of cultivation 
in many parts of England and Scotland, but not in Ireland. Fl, summer. 
XI. CYNOGLOSSUM. HOUND’S-TONGUE. 
Stout, erect biennials, clothed with rough hairs, which are, however, 
more appressed and hoary than in most Boragineous plants; with long, 
narrow leaves, and rather small, blue or purplish-red flowers, in simple or 
forked, one-sided racemes. Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Corolla with a short 
tube, closed at the mouth by prominent scales, and a spreading, 5-lobed, 
regular limb. Nuts rather large, depressed, attached laterally to the base 
of the style, and covered with short, hooked prickles, so as to make them 
very adhesive burs. 
A European and Asiatic genus, rather numerous in species, especially 
if considered as including the little blue-flowered Omphalodes and the 
white-flowered C. linifolium. These two species, formerly frequent in our 
flower-gardens, are however now generally distinguished with some others 
as a genus by the nuts, which instead of being muricated all over, have a 
raised, more or less toothed border. 
Leaves hoary with rather soft fede: hairs. Flowers dull 
purple-red 1. C. officinale. 
Leaves green, rough with scattered hairs. Flowers pluish-purple 2. C. montanum, 
1, ©. officinale, Linn. (fig. 709). Common Hound’s-tongue.—Stem 
stout, erect, and branched, about 2 feet high, with rough hairs. Leaves 
lanceolate, or often the radical and lowest ones oblong, stalked, and some- 
times near a foot long; the others gradually shorter, with shorter stalks, 
the uppermost sessile and clasping the stem: all of them hoary witha 
dense, rather soft, appressed down. acemes numerous, mostly simple, 
forming a terminal leafy panicle; the pedicels short, without bracts. 
Calyx-segments broadly lanceolate. Corolla rather small, of a dull purplish- 
red. Nuts flattened and bur-like, often above 3 lines diameter. Thewhole ~ 
plant has a disagreeable smell. 4 
On roadsides and waste places, in Europe and Russian Asia, extending 
far into Scandinavia. Not unfrequent in Britain from Forfar southwards; 
but confined to the south-east of Ireland. Fl. summer. ¥ 
2, C.montanum, Lam, (fig. 710). Green Hound s-tongue.—_aae 
