Solanum. | LIV, SOLANACES. 319 
A very large genus, widely spread over the globe, but chiefly in tropical 
regions, and more especially in South America. The cultivated species 
include the Potato (S. tuberosum), the Tomato or Love-apple (S. Lyco- 
persicum), the Egg plant or Brinjall (S. Melongena), and several ornamental 
ones. 
Climber, shrubby at the base. Leaves slightly cordate or 3-lobed 1. 8S. Dulcamara, 
Erect annual or biennial. Leaves ovate, angularly toothed . 2. &. nigrum, 
1. S.Dulcamara, Linn. (fig.713). Bittersweet Solanum, Bittersweet, 
Nightshade.—Stem shrubby at the base, with climbing or straggling 
branches, often many feet in length, but dying far back in winter. Leaves 
stalked, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2 or 3 inches long, usually broadly cor- 
date at the base and entire, but sometimes with an additional smaller lobe 
or segment on each side, either quite glabrous or downy on both sides as 
well as the stem. Flowers rather small, blue, with yellow anthers, in loose 
cymes, fon lateral peduncles shorter than the leaves. Berries small, 
globular or ovoid, and red. 
In hedges and thickets, in moist shady situations, all over Europe, ex- 
cept the extreme north, represented all across temperate Asia by a closely 
allied species, or perhaps a mere variety. Generally diffused over England 
and Ireland, but more rare in Scotland. Fl. summer. 
2. S.nigrum, Linn. (fig.714). Black Solanum.—An erect annual or 
biennial, with very spreading branches, about a foot high; in Britain 
usually glabrous or nearly so, but on the Continent often hairy or rough 
on the angles. Leaves stalked, ovate, with coarse angular teeth. Flowers 
small and white, in little cymes almost contracted into umbels, on short, 
lateral peduncles. Berries small, globular, usually black, but sometimes, 
especially on the Continent, green, yellow, or dingy-red. 
One of the widest spread weeds over every part of the globe, except the 
extreme north and south; varying so much in warmer regions as to have 
been described under more than forty names. Common in some parts of 
England, but local in Scotland and Ireland, and only when accidentally in- 
troduced with cultivation. VU. the whole summer and autumn. 
IV. ATROPA. ATROPA. 
Calyx broadly campanulate, deeply 5-lobed. Corolla campanulate, re- 
gular. Fruit a berry. 
A genus confined by some to the single European species, but extended 
by others to include several herbs or shrubs from warmer climates, of no 
interest to the British botanist. 
1, A. Belladonna, Linn. (fig. 715). Deadly Atropa, Dwale, Bella- 
donna, or Deadly Nightshade.—An erect, glabrous or slightly downy 
herb, with a perennial rootstock and branching stem. Leaves stalked, 
rather large, ovate and entire, with a smaller one usually proceeding 
from the same point, often so small as to look like a stipule. Flowers 
solitary, on short peduncles, in the forks of the stem or in the axils of the 
leaves. Corolla pale, purplish-blue, nearly an inch long, with 5 broad, 
short lobes. Stamens shorter, with distinct filaments, Berry rather large, 
globular. 
In waste, stony places, in southern Europe and west central Asia, ex- 
